评估在美国东南部使用metabarcoding分析的对象性中等掠食动物的春季脊椎动物猎物
Jordan L Youngmann1, Stacey L Lance2, John C Kilgo3
1Daniel B. Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.
PloS one
|October 25, 2023
概括
南卡罗来纳州的小鹿,猫和灰色狐表现出不同的饮食,主要分别食用鹿,子和类动物. 这种猎物专业化可以在关键的游戏物种繁殖季节中尽量减少竞争.
科学领域:
- 生态学和野生动物生物学
- 捕食者和猎物的动力学
- 保护遗传学 保护遗传学
背景情况:
- 猎犬已经扩散到美国东部,与猫和灰狐一起形成了三种捕食者协会.
- 了解这些捕食者的饮食重叠和对游戏物种的影响,对于野生动物管理至关重要.
- 该研究的重点是春天,这是白尾鹿和野生火筑巢的关键时期.
研究的目的:
- 评估美国东南地区在春季期间的野狼,猫和灰狐的饮食.
- 为了确定捕食对脊椎动物猎物的影响,并量化这三个食肉动物之间的饮食重叠.
- 调查猎物选择如何影响关键游戏物种繁殖期间的物种间竞争.
主要方法:
- 在2020-2021年5月至6月期间,在南卡罗来纳州的道路上采集了污垢样本 (n=180).
- 用DNA元编码和mtDNA分析来识别捕食物种和脊椎动物的猎物.
- 对每个猎物物品的饮食成分和发生频率进行了分析.
主要成果:
- 通过DNA分析识别了猎犬 (n=153),猫 (n=20) 和灰狐 (n=7).
- 猎犬和食白尾鹿,而这三个物种都食用野生火.
- 观察到饮食的专业化:小鹿 (高鹿频率),猫 (子,小哺乳动物) 和灰狐 (类动物).
结论:
- 尽管饮食重叠,但猎犬,猫和灰狐之间明显的猎物偏好减少了物种间的竞争.
- DNA元编码为捕食者的饮食及其生态作用提供了高分辨率的洞察力.
- 了解这些动态对于管理捕食者协会和游戏物种保护至关重要.
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