正常不是正常:关于健康的医疗化
1Baylor University, One Bear Place # 97236, Waco, TX 76798, USA.
概括
很少有美国人完全健康. 一项研究发现,在10个健康指标中,只有1.05%符合人口规范 (元正常),5.55%符合临床标准 (元理想).
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 通过使用10个常见指标,调查了美国人口中被归类为健康的比例.
- 根据样本中位数 ("正常") 和临床切线点 ("理想") 检查的健康状况.
研究的目的:
- 确定美国成年人口中"正常"和"理想"健康的流行程度.
- 通过"正常"和"理想"两个标准来评估满足所有10个健康指标的成年人比例.
主要方法:
- 利用了2017年至2020年3月全国健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) 的数据.
- 评估了10个指标:阿拉梅达5个健康行为 (吸烟,饮酒,运动,睡眠,BMI) 和5个生物标志物 (血压,心率,葡萄糖,胆固醇).
- 计算了"正常" (超正常) 和"理想" (超理想) 健康的点患病率和整体比例.
主要成果:
- 超常态的流行率为1.05%,表明很少有美国人符合所有指标的人口规范.
- 超理想的患病率为5.55%,显示很小的百分比符合所有10个指标的临床标准.
- 大多数美国人不是个别指标的临床病例,但很少有人在所有措施中保持健康.
结论:
- 根据个人"正常"或"理想"的标准,大多数美国成年人看起来很健康.
- 然而,完全健康的成年人比例在人口规范和临床标准上都非常小.
- 研究结果表明,在了解人口健康方面,需要考虑医疗化.
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