野生小麦相亲Aegilops umbellulatalata的染色体尺度组合
Michael Abrouk1,2, Yajun Wang3,4, Emile Cavalet-Giorsa3,4
1Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia. michael.abrouk@kaust.edu.sa.
Scientific data
|October 25, 2023
概括
研究人员创建了一个高质量的基因组组装Aegilops umbellulata,一个野生小麦的亲戚. 这种资源增强了面包小麦的遗传多样性,并有助于发现重要的农业基因.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 提高作物质量 提高作物质量
背景情况:
- 野生小麦的亲属对于增加面包小麦的遗传多样性至关重要.
- Aegilops umbellulata (U基因组) 是小麦改良的宝贵遗传储备.
研究的目的:
- 为Aegilops umbellulata (加入TA1851) 构建一个染色体规模的参考基因组组.
- 为了评估读取校正对基因组组装的影响,使用不同的组装器.
- 为了促进Triticeae中的比较基因组学和基因发现.
主要方法:
- 利用纠正的PacBio HiFi读取和染色体构造捕获用于基因组组装.
- 采用了hifiasm和LJA组装器来构建参考基因组.
- 预测基因模型并进行比较基因组分析.
主要成果:
- 生成了一个4.25 Gb的染色体尺度组件,具有17.7 Mb的N50密度.
- 预测了36268个基因模型.
- 证明了校正的HiFi读数对组装质量的积极影响,并与面包小麦相比确定了显著的染色体重排.
结论:
- 艾吉洛普斯乌贝卢拉塔基因组组合是Triticeae比较基因组学的一个宝贵资源.
- 这种组合将有助于发现用于小麦育种的重要农业基因.
- 这项研究强调了读取校正对于高质量的基因组组件的重要性.
相关概念视频
Spindle Assembly
3.7K
Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a...
3.7K
Polytene Chromosomes
10.1K
Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
10.1K
Lampbrush Chromosomes
7.9K
In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
7.9K
Genome Annotation and Assembly
18.9K
The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
18.9K
Chromosome Structure
22.9K
A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
22.9K
Histone Variants at the Centromere
4.4K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
4.4K


