在讲话时,儿童的呼吸道颗粒物排放率
Elisa Caracci1, Luca Stabile2, Andrea R Ferro3
1Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, FR, Italy.
Scientific reports
|October 25, 2023
概括
研究人员测量了400多名儿童 (6-12岁) 在演讲活动期间的呼吸道颗粒排放量. 男性的颗粒物排放量比女性多,没有观察到与年龄相关的颗粒物排放率差异.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 气溶科学 气溶科学
- 儿科呼吸系统健康 儿科呼吸系统健康
背景情况:
- 呼吸道病原体的空气传播受到呼吸道颗粒排放的影响.
- 现有的颗粒物排放率数据主要集中在成年人身上,对儿童的信息有限.
- 关于儿科患者的呼吸道颗粒物排放率存在一个知识差距.
研究的目的:
- 量化6至12岁儿童的呼吸道颗粒物排放率.
- 研究语音强度 (说话与大声说话) 对颗粒物排放的影响.
- 为了确定性别和年龄对呼吸道颗粒排放特征的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项涉及400多名儿童 (6-12岁) 的实验活动.
- 测量呼吸道颗粒度,颗粒大小分布和呼出的空气流速在语音平衡的单词列表发音期间.
- 同时记录声压水平以与粒子排放相关联.
主要成果:
- 呼吸道颗粒物排放率的中位数为26颗/秒的说话和41颗/秒的大声说话.
- 与女性相比,男孩的颗粒物排放率明显高.
- 颗粒大小分布显示主要模式约为0.6微米,次要模式低于2微米,没有基于性别的差异.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了关于儿童呼吸道颗粒物排放率的关键数据,解决了重要的知识差距.
- 研究结果表明,性别影响粒子排放率,男性排放的粒子更多.
- 产生的数据可以增强空气传播病原体在室内环境中传播风险的预测模型,特别是在学校和儿童保育机构.
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