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在盐沼沉积物中减少DMSO和DMS依赖的甲基生成的微生物驱动因素

Dennis Alexander Tebbe¹, Charlotte Gruender², Leon Dlugosch¹

¹Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany.

The ISME journal

|October 25, 2023

概括

盐沼沉积物中含有高水平的二甲基硫氧化物 (DMSO). 微生物将DMSO降解为二甲基硫化物 (DMS),产生甲 (CH4) 并影响气候调节的微量气体.

科学领域:

环境微生物学环境微生物学
生物地质化学循环是什么
海洋科学海洋科学

背景情况:

盐沼是富含有甲基硫化合物的富有生态系统.
甲基硫胺 (DMSP) 是甲基硫氧化物 (DMSO) 和甲基硫化物 (DMS) 的前体.
减少DMSO会影响微量气体 (CO2,CH4,DMS) 的产生,并对气候产生影响.

研究的目的:

研究盐沼沉积物中的有机硫循环.
描述DMSO降解途径和微生物群落.
确定微生物过程在微量气体形成中的作用.

主要方法:

无毒批量实验研究DMSO减少.
对 prokaryotic 社区组成的分析.
DMSO减少酶基因丰富性的量化.
超基因组学分析,以组装微生物基因组 (MAG).

主要成果:

盐沼沉积物显示DMSO度明显高于海水.
将DMSO降解为DMS与甲 (CH4) 生产相结合.
在正常条件下,DMS型DMSO还原酶 (例如Desulfobulbales) 主导,而当硫酸盐还原被抑制时,Tor型还原酶 (例如Rhodobacterales) 增加.
振动性和甲基变性甲基生物 (Methanosarcinales) 进行了丰富.
在MAG中发现了DMS甲基转移酶 (mtsDH) 和甲基转移基因的基因.

结论:

微生物DMSO降解是盐沼硫循环中的一个关键过程,它连接了硫和碳循环.
特定的微生物群体,包括Vibrionales和Methanosarcinales,在DMSO和DMS转化中起着至关重要的作用.
这些过程有助于产生气候相关的微量气体,如甲.

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