中部前额叶皮层功能障碍调解了精神分裂症患者的工作记忆缺陷
John C Williams1,2, Zu Jie Zheng1, Philip N Tubiolo1,2
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York.
Biological psychiatry global open science
|October 26, 2023
概括
精神分裂症中的工作记忆缺陷与任务期间中部前额叶皮层 (mPFC) 停活的减少有关. 这种mPFC失活调解了表现,与多巴胺释放相反.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症 (SCZ) 的特点是工作记忆 (WM) 缺陷,影响功能结果.
- 虽然背侧前额叶皮层 (PFC) 经常被研究,但中间PFC (mPFC) 也可能在SCZ中发挥关键作用.
- 了解SCZ中的mPFC功能对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查任务唤起的mPFC禁用和SCZ中的WM性能之间的关联.
- 为了确定mPFC的禁用是否会调解SCZ中的WM缺陷.
- 探索SCZ中mPFC失活和皮质多巴胺释放之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于评估SCZ患者 (n=41) 和健康对照 (HCs) (n=40) 的视觉对象n-back任务期间任务唤起的大脑活动.
- 在mPFC中测量了多巴胺释放能力,使用[11C]FLB457和参与者的子集中的安非他胺挑战.
- 分析了mPFC失活,WM表现,诊断和多巴胺释放之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- mPFC的禁用,但不是背侧PFC的激活,与WM任务的执行相关.
- 与HC相比,SCZ患者的mPFC失活率降低,这种降低介导了诊断和WM表现之间的联系.
- 在HC和所有参与者中发现mPFC失活和多巴胺释放能力之间存在显著的反向关联,但在SCZ患者中没有.
结论:
- 减少任务唤起的mPFC失活是精神分裂症中WM损伤的关键调解者.
- 这些发现表明mPFC失活可能是SCZ中WM缺陷的潜在基质.
- 初步证据表明,WM任务引起的mPFC停活和多巴胺释放能力之间存在反向关系.
相关概念视频
Working Memory
181
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
181
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory
449
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
449
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
50
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
50
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
73
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
73
Role of Hippocampus in Memory
276
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
276
Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
61
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
61


