在南非城市使用机器学习技术预测空气污染颗粒物 (PM2.5)
Tshepang Duncan Morapedi1, Ibidun Christiana Obagbuwa1
1Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley, South Africa.
Frontiers in artificial intelligence
|October 26, 2023
概括
机器学习模型有效预测南非城市的颗粒物 (PM2.5) 度和空气质量指数 (AQI) 状态. 这项研究解决了非洲空气质量传感器的短缺问题,提供了高效的污染监测解决方案.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 由于工业排放,交通和化石燃料的使用,空气污染在全球范围内造成了重大环境和健康风险.
- 有效监测污染物,如颗粒物 (PM2.5) 对于公共卫生至关重要,但非洲面临着可靠传感器的短缺.
- 这强调了需要先进的建模技术来评估和预测空气质量,特别是在数据稀缺的地区.
研究的目的:
- 研究和应用机器学习技术,以高效准确地评估和预测空气污染.
- 开发模型来预测南非城市的颗粒物 (PM2.5) 度,包括监测数据有限的地区.
- 建立一个用于预测空气质量指数 (AQI) 状态的系统.
主要方法:
- 使用了一套机器学习算法,包括Cat Boost Regressor,极端梯度增强回归器,随机森林分类器,物流回归,支持矢量机器,K-最近邻居和决策树.
- 使用的猫助推回归器和极端梯度助推回归器用于使用历史数据进行PM2.5度预测.
- 应用K-最近邻居,物流回归,支持矢量机器,决策树和空气质量指数 (AQI) 状态预测的随机森林分类器.
主要成果:
- 猫提升回归器和极端梯度提升回归器在预测南非城市当前和未来的PM2.5度方面表现强.
- 性能最好的模型已成功扩展到在缺乏记录站的地区预测PM2.5.
- 实施的模型有效地预测了空气质量指数 (AQI) 状态,提供了对空气质量水平的见解.
结论:
- 机器学习为空气污染监测和预测提供了一种节省时间和成本的方法.
- 该研究成功地确定了南非城市中受空气污染影响最严重的地区.
- 这些发现强调了机器学习在加强空气质量管理策略方面的潜力,特别是在传感器基础设施有限的地区.
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