南非癌症死亡率趋势:1997年
M L Nhleko1, I Edoka2, E Musenge3
1Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. mandlakayise.nhleko@gmail.com.
概括
在南非,从2013年到2015年,癌症死亡人数增加,成为死亡的主要原因. 尽管年轻人的YPPLL下降,但成年人的YPPLL上升,凸显了对干预的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 南非 (SA) 的癌症死亡率呈现出日益增长的趋势.
- 到2015年,恶性瘤成为南非死亡的主要原因,从2013年的第二位上升.
- 到2015年,癌症死亡占南非所有死亡人数的8.5%.
研究的目的:
- 评估1997年至2016年南非男性和女性癌症死亡率的趋势.
- 了解南非地区癌症死亡率日益增加的威胁.
- 支持旨在减少南非癌症死亡率的倡议.
主要方法:
- 利用了南非统计局 (StatsSA) 1997-2016年的一般死亡数据.
- 使用世界标准人口计算每10万人口的年龄标准化死亡率 (ASMR).
- 由于不同年龄组和性别的癌症死亡而丧失的潜在生产生活年数 (YPPLL).
主要成果:
- 1997年至2016年间癌症总死亡人数为681,689人,男性的死亡率高于女性.
- 年龄标准化死亡率 (ASMR) 在男性中为105.0-129.2 / 100,000,女性为67.9-88.3.
- 肺癌在男性中YPPLL最高,而宫癌在女性中YPPLL最高.
结论:
- 自1997年以来,癌症死亡率在两性中都增加了.
- 虽然癌症的YPPLL在年轻人群中下降,但在成年人群中增加.
- 有效的干预措施可以显著减少南非的癌症死亡人数.
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