技术/算法,利益相关者和社会 (TASS) 对人工智能在医学中的应用的障碍:系统审查
Linda T Li1, Lauren C Haley2, Alexandra K Boyd2
1Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029, United States; McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics at UT Health Houston, 7000 Fannin St, Suite 600, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
Journal of biomedical informatics
|October 26, 2023
概括
医疗保健中的人工智能 (AI) 面临着重大实施障碍. 解决技术,利益相关者和社会挑战对于成功在医学中采用人工智能至关重要.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健信息学 医疗保健信息学
- 医疗人工智能 医疗人工智能
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI),包括机器学习和预测分析,显示了医疗保健转型的重大前景.
- 尽管有潜力,但人工智能在临床实践中的整合仍然有限,需要了解实施障碍.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和确定阻碍人工智能在医疗保健环境中成功实施的主要障碍.
- 探索克服这些已确定的挑战的潜在策略.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed中进行了全面的文献搜索,涵盖了2001年1月1日至2023年1月1日的出版物.
- 研究仅限于涉及人类受试者的英语出版物,专注于人工智能,机器学习,预测分析及其在医疗保健中的实施障碍.
- 基于理论的方法被用来抽象概念,并确定AI在医学采用的主要障碍.
主要成果:
- 总共有2,382篇文章最初被确定,其中306篇论文被纳入最终审查.
- 确定了代表障碍的19个主要主题,并分为三个级别:技术/算法,利益相关者和社会 (TASS).
- 主要障碍包括缺乏可解释性,需要验证协议和标准,工作流挑战,信任问题,隐私问题,偏见和教育差距.
结论:
- 该研究确定了阻碍医疗保健中采用人工智能的19个关键障碍,按TASS级别分类.
- 未来的研究应该调查儿科人工智能障碍,并制定具体的方案,以克服所确定的挑战.
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