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Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

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Published on: November 30, 2021

对比提取方法的效率,用于高通量古蛋白质骨类物种识别的提取方法.

Dorothea Mylopotamitaki^1,2, Florian S Harking³, Alberto J Taurozzi⁴

¹Chaire de Paléoanthropologie, CIRB (UMR 7241-U1050), Collège de France, Paris, France. dorothea.mylopotamitaki@palaeoproteomics.org.

Scientific reports

|October 26, 2023

概括

优化从骨遗骸中提取古代蛋白质至关重要. 简单的酸不溶性方法最好恢复降解的蛋白质组,而EDTA去矿化适合保存良好的样本用于物种识别.

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科学领域:

古蛋白质组学是古蛋白质组学.
考古学科学考古学科学
生物地质化学生物地质化学

背景情况:

古代骨遗骸的高通量蛋白质组分析提供了对过去动物和物种分散的见解.
考古学骨遗骸是一种有限的资源,需要优化蛋白质组提取方法.
古代蛋白质经常被降解,使标准的提取协议不适合.

研究的目的:

为了比较六种保护性提取方法,用于晚期普莱斯托时代的骨遗骸.
根据物种识别准确性,蛋白质序列覆盖,脱化和翻译后修改来评估方法性能.
确定从骨中提取具有不同保存状态的古老蛋白质的最佳协议.

主要方法:

在晚期普莱斯托时代的骨样本上测试了六种不同的蛋白质分子提取协议.
评估物种识别准确性,蛋白质序列覆盖率,脱化水平和翻译后的修改.
专注于使用最小步骤和设备的方法,在三个工作日内产生结果.

主要成果:

在不同方法中观察到蛋白质组复杂性和序列覆盖率的显著差异.
简单的酸不溶性蛋白酶提取方法在高度降解的样本中显示出更高的性能.
在保存良好的标本中,EDTA去矿化和蛋白酶混合蛋白解产生了更多可识别的.

结论:

方法选择对古代骨头的蛋白质学数据质量产生了重大影响.
对于已降解的骨残骸,建议进行酸不溶性提取,而对于保存良好的样本,EDTA去矿化是有效的.
开发的协议是高效的,适合在考古学和人类进化研究中的大规模选.