程序性听觉类别的学习在发育性语言障碍中被选择性地破坏
Hadeer Derawi1, Casey L Roark2, Yafit Gabay3
1Department of Special Education and the Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, 31905, Haifa, Israel. hadeer.115@gmail.com.
患有发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 的儿童表现出受损的听觉类别学习,特别是在程序学习中,但不是基于规则的学习. 这影响了他们形成稳定的语音声音表示的能力.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 语音感知依赖于对可变声音进行分类.
- 程序式学习涉及到获取新的语音类别.
- 发育性语言障碍 (DLD) 可能涉及程序学习缺陷.
研究的目的:
- 研究DLD儿童的听觉类别学习.
- 在DLD中区分程序式与宣言式学习.
- 探索DLD对基本感知和认知语言支持过程的影响.
主要方法:
- 评估DLD儿童和典型发育 (TD) 同龄人的听觉类别学习.
- 利用了两个非语音听觉类别的学习任务.
- 采用基于模型的定量分析来检查战略使用.
主要成果:
- 患有DLD的儿童表现出信息整合 (程序) 类别学习受损.
- 在DLD组中,基于规则的 (声明式) 类别学习是完整的.
- DLD组的使用量减少,向最佳程序策略的转变速度较慢.
结论:
- 这些发现支持语言障碍的过程性缺陷假设.
- 在DLD中显示了程序式和宣言式学习之间的分离.
- 突出了感知和认知任务的表现如何与DLD的现实世界语言挑战有关.
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