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基因组编辑如何改变大型动物研究的世界

Konrad Fischer¹, Angelika Schnieke¹

¹Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.

Frontiers in genome editing

|October 27, 2023

概括

像CRISPR/Cas这样的基因组编辑工具在大型动物中彻底改变了基因工程,克服了以前的局限性. 这一进步有助于生物医学应用和在猪等牲畜中进行疾病建模.

科学领域:

遗传学遗传学是一个
动物生物技术动物生物技术
基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

大型动物的早期遗传修饰 (自1985年以来) 面临着重大挑战,因为遗传工具有限,特别是与小鼠相比.
牲畜基因工程的进步历史上是由生物医学需求驱动的,包括制药蛋白质生产,异种移植和疾病建模,而不是农业增强.
之前的技术效率很低,并且通常无法用于牲畜物种.

研究的目的:

审查现代基因组编辑工具,特别是CRISPR/Cas对大型动物基因工程的影响.
为突出猪基因组工程的进步,用于生物医学应用.
讨论这些原则对其他畜牧业和研究领域的更广泛适用性.

主要方法:

对基因组编辑技术的审查,重点是CRISPR/Cas.
分析大型动物基因工程的历史和近期进展.
案例重点关注生物医学目的的猪.

主要成果:

克里斯普尔/卡斯和相关的基因组编辑工具显著提高了大型动物基因工程的效率和可行性.
这些工具使得精确的基因改造能够用于牲畜中的各种生物医学应用.
这些原则和方法可以在不同的牲畜物种和研究目标中转移.

结论:

基因组编辑已经克服了大型动物基因工程中的重大障碍,加速了进步.
克里斯普尔/卡斯技术是开发生物医学研究大型动物模型的变革性工具.
未来在农业和医药领域的应用将因这些基因工程进步而大大扩展.

关键词:

在CRISPR/Cas9中介的基因组编辑中.在Cpf1 (Cas12a) 中.这是SCNT.基因编辑 (CRISPR/Cas9) 是一种技术.畜牧业畜牧业畜牧业畜牧业转基因牲畜是一种转基因牲畜.

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