对美国牛病原体分离物的历史检测数据的全面研究
George Gu1, Henry Pei1, Alan Zhou1
1Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA 19085, USA.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 27, 2023
概括
分析了美国牛病原体中的抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 基因,揭示了*大肠杆菌*和*沙门氏菌*作为主要威胁. 抗四环素耐药性和特定的基因如*mdtM*正在增加,在德克萨斯州,加利福尼亚州和内布拉斯加州有热点.
科学领域:
- 兽医微生物学 兽医微生物学
- 食品安全 食品安全
- 基因组学和生物信息学
背景情况:
- 在美国,食源性病原体对健康构成重大风险和经济负担.
- 这些病原体的抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 是全球日益关注的问题.
- 国家生物技术信息中心的病原体检测隔离器浏览器 (NPDIB) 为AMR数据提供了宝贵的资源.
研究的目的:
- 在过去十年中从美国牛中分离出来的病原体中进行AMR基因的首次全面调查.
- 确定美国牛中占主导地位的病原体和流行AMR基因.
- 追踪AMR基因发生和地理分布的趋势.
主要方法:
- 从NPDIB中对大约28000个病原体分离物的分析.
- 应用多变量统计方法,包括主要组件分析 (PCA) 用于数据维度缩小和层次聚类 (H-聚类) 用于数据点差异化.
- 识别特定的AMR基因和抗菌素耐药性模式.
主要成果:
- *Salmonella enterica*和*Escherichia coli*被确定为最常见的病原体,其中*E. coli*的流行率越来越高.
- 环素成为最常见的抗菌素耐药性,与*mdsA*,*mdsB*,*mdtM*,*blaEC*和*acrF*等基因相关.
- 近年来,人们观察到 *mdtM*, *blaEC*, *acrF* 和 *glpT_E448k* 的发生率越来越高. 德克萨斯州,加利福尼亚州和内布拉斯加州被确定为具有显著AMR基因流行率的关键地理区域.
结论:
- 美国牛中的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌是AMR基因的重要储库.
- 特定耐药基因和四环素耐药性的流行率不断上升,凸显了监测和干预的迫切需要.
- 牛群中AMR的地理热点需要有针对性的控制策略,以减轻公共卫生风险.
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