国家级工作记忆和儿童和青少年的饮食失调:一个探索性的生态瞬间评估研究
Andrea B Goldschmidt1, Stephanie P Goldstein2, Florian Schmiedek3
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine/Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
The International journal of eating disorders
|October 27, 2023
概括
失去控制饮食和超重/肥胖的儿童与数值工作记忆 (WM) 斗争. 更好的WM表现与更严重的过度进食有关,这表明需要进一步研究的复杂关系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 儿童肥胖症 儿童肥胖症
背景情况:
- 失去控制 (LOC) 饮食和超重/肥胖的儿童经常表现出工作记忆 (WM) 缺陷.
- 这些WM限制可能会影响他们对与饮食相关的线索做出反应的能力.
- 青少年的WM表现和饮食行为之间的实时关联尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查失控 (LOC) 饮食和超重/肥胖 (OW) 的年轻人的工作记忆 (WM) 性能.
- 检查日常WM表现和年轻人的饮食行为之间的关系.
- 为了在不同组中比较WM和饮食行为:LOC-OW,仅OW和正常体重 (NW).
主要方法:
- 32名青少年 (10-17岁) 被分为LOC-OW,OW和NW组.
- 参与者完成了具有不同认知要求的空间和数值WM任务.
- 每天的饮食行为被跟踪了14天,使用基于智能手机的生态瞬间评估.
主要成果:
- 与OW和NW组相比,LOC-OW年轻人在数值WM任务上的准确性较低.
- 两组之间空间WM任务准确度没有发现显著差异.
- 在不那么苛刻的数值WM任务上,更高的准确性与所有参与者的过度饮食严重程度相关.
结论:
- 患有LOC饮食和超重/肥胖的青少年在日常生活中遇到数字信息处理方面的困难.
- 改善工作记忆的表现可能与过度饮食的严重程度有关,无论LOC状态如何.
- 需要进一步的研究来澄清WM和饮食行为之间的时间和因果关系.
相关概念视频
Binge Eating Disorders
101
Binge eating disorder is a significant mental health condition characterized by recurrent episodes of excessive food consumption within a short period, accompanied by a perceived loss of control over eating behavior. Unlike occasional overeating, binge eating disorder is marked by distressing emotions such as guilt, shame, and anxiety following binge episodes. The disorder affects individuals across different ages and backgrounds, with profound implications for physical and psychological...
101
Working Memory
181
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
181
Bulimia Nervosa
116
Bulimia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by a cyclical pattern of binge-and-purge eating pattern. It generally involves an episode of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, laxative use, or fasting, to prevent weight gain. Despite often maintaining a normal weight, individuals with bulimia are intensely preoccupied with their body image and harbor an overwhelming fear of gaining weight. This can contribute to the...
116
Information Processing Approach
45
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
45


