释放手势的力量:使用基于运动的指令来改善一年级儿童的空间单元误解
Eliza L Congdon1, Susan C Levine2
1Department of Psychology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA.
Journal of Intelligence
|October 27, 2023
概括
手势指令可以改善空间思维,但理解手势是关键. 将手势与具体行动相结合,特别是手势-然后-行动,增强学习,并导致更好地理解空间概念.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 手势通过传达语义信息和空间关系来补充口语.
- 手势指令显示了增强空间思维的前景,但并非所有学习者都能同样受益.
- 难以解释手势含义的困难可以阻碍基于手势的指令的学习.
研究的目的:
- 在一个空间单元学习任务中,比较手势指令与具体的操纵指令 (Action) 的有效性.
- 调查手势和动作序列 (动作-然后-手势和手势-然后-动作) 结合对学习结果的影响.
- 确定利用手势来提高儿童空间理解的最佳方法.
主要方法:
- 一个线性测量学习范式被用来教孩子空间单位的概念.
- 参与者被分配到不同的训练条件:只有行动 (A),只有手势 (G),然后是行动 (AG) 或手势然后是行动 (GA).
- 对立即学习和随后的转移任务进行了绩效评估,控制了初始差异.
主要成果:
- 儿童在"姿态然后行动" (GA) 和"只有行动" (A) 培训条件下学习最有效.
- 在控制初始学习后,手势然后行动 (GA) 条件在转移任务中的所有其他条件都显著超过了.
- 虽然手势可以在认知上要求很高,但在学习后立即将它们与具体的表征配对,可以增强学习.
结论:
- 将手势指令与具体表示相结合,特别是在手势-然后-行动序列中,对于深度和可概括的空间学习是非常有效的.
- 解决儿童在解释手势意义方面的潜在困难,通过跟随手势进行具体行动,对于最大限度地提高学习效益至关重要.
- 这项研究强调了多模式学习的力量,整合了象征性 (手势) 和具体 (行动) 表示,以获得强大的概念理解.
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