专业篮球运动员对外部和内部负荷的分析
José M Gamonales1,2,3, Víctor Hernández-Beltrán1, Adrián Escudero-Tena1
1Training Optimization and Sports Performance Research Group (GOERD), Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, 10005 Cáceres, Spain.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 27, 2023
概括
量化职业篮球运动员的外部和内部负载,揭示了基于任务和位置的显著差异. 季前训练需要个性化的方法,特别是对于体验最高内部负载的中心.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 在训练和比赛期间监测运动员的身体状况对于性能和伤害预防至关重要.
- 外部负荷 (EL) 和内部负荷 (IL) 是理解训练压力的关键指标.
- 之前的研究已经强调了在团队体育运动中量化负载的重要性.
研究的目的:
- 为了量化职业篮球运动员在两周的季前赛期间的外部负载和内部负载.
- 根据任务类型和玩家位置分析负载变量的差异.
- 为优化季前训练策略提供见解.
主要方法:
- 分析了17个负载变量,分为动力EL,神经肌肉EL和IL.
- 使用惯性设备监控训练课程.
- 所有变量都被正常化到每分钟的基础上进行标准化比较.
主要成果:
- 根据执行的任务和玩家的位置观察到EL和IL的显著差异.
- 全场比赛的情况引起了最高的动力外部负载值 (p < 0.05).
- 在季前赛期间,中球员体验到了最大的内部负载.
结论:
- 培训中的任务选择应与具体的物理和技术战术目标保持一致.
- 培训的个性化是必要的,特别是对于像中心这样承受更高内部负载的球员来说.
- 这些发现支持专业篮球的定制季前调节计划.
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