在美国医疗保险计划中,艾滋病毒感染者的抗逆转录病毒治疗缺口和坚持
Pengxiang Li1, Girish Prajapati2, Zhi Geng1
1University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
AIDS and behavior
|October 27, 2023
概括
在医疗保险中的许多艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 在抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 中存在差距,并缺乏坚持. 年龄较小,女性性别,黑人种族和并发症等因素与较低的坚持和停药有关.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究研究
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 在美国,大约25%的艾滋病毒感染者 (PWH) 被医疗保险覆盖.
- 之前没有现实世界的研究专门检查了抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 坚持和治疗差距在这个人群.
- 了解ART的遵守对于管理艾滋病毒和预防传播至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查Medicare覆盖的PWH中ART差距和坚持的流行情况.
- 在这个人口群体中确定与低于最佳的ART坚持和停止治疗相关的因素.
- 在医疗保险中为PWH提供有针对性的干预措施的开发提供信息.
主要方法:
- 对2013-2018年国家医疗保险服务费索赔数据的回顾性队列分析.
- 纳入标准:在2014年1月1日至2017年12月31日期间开始使用新的ART疗法 (PI,NRTI或INSTI) 的PWH.
- 评估结果:ART坚持 (覆盖日数比例 (PDC)),治疗间隔 (1-6天至≥180天) 和停药 (≥90天间隔). 使用了多变量回归.
主要成果:
- 该研究包括48,627名PWH (平均年龄54.5岁,74.4%男性,47.5%白人,89.8%残疾人).
- 只有53.0%的人实现了最佳粘附 (PDC ≥0.95);16.8%的PDC<0.70.
- 观察到常见的治疗间隔 (≥7天:55.2%;≥30天:26.2%) 和中止 (10.1%).
- 年轻的年龄,女性性别,黑人种族,更高的并发症评分,心理健康状况和物质使用障碍与更低的坚持和更高的戒断率有关 (所有p<0.05).
结论:
- 在医疗保险人口中,低于最佳的ART坚持和频繁的治疗缺口在PWH中普遍存在.
- 特定的人口和临床因素与较差的治疗坚持和停止治疗有显著的关联.
- 迫切需要采取干预措施和政策来解决医疗保险覆盖的PWH的坚持障碍,以改善结果并推进艾滋病毒流行病控制.
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