在内布拉斯加州的连续玉米系统中,在不断变化的气候下覆盖作物表现
Girma Birru1, Andualem Shiferaw2, Tsegaye Tadesse2
1USDA-ARS, The Agroecosystem Management Research Unit, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
Journal of environmental quality
|October 27, 2023
概括
连续玉米系统中的覆盖作物 (CC) 并没有显著影响产量,但改善了土壤健康. 谷物麦CC增强了生物质和减少了漂,特别是在预测的气候变化场景下.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 气候科学 气候科学
背景情况:
- 持续的玉米系统面临着气候变化带来的挑战,包括温度上升和降水变化.
- 覆盖作物 (CC) 提供潜在的农业生态系统益处,但在不断变化的气候条件下,它们的表现需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估谷物玉米覆盖作物对无耕种连续玉米产量和土壤性质的长期影响.
- 在历史和预测的气候变化场景下评估CC的表现. 在内布拉斯加州东部.
主要方法:
- 使用农业技术转让决策支持系统 (DSSAT) 模型进行长期模拟.
- 从RCP4.5和RCP8.5路径下的加拿大地球系统模型2中采用历史天气数据 (1991-2020) 和预测气候数据 (2041-2070).
主要成果:
- 在历史和预测的气候条件下,覆盖作物对玉米产量没有显著的影响.
- 气候变化有利于CC的增长,增加了生物质,并在未来情景下平均减少了60%的 (N) 泄漏.
- CC降低了土壤特征中的总水和植物可用的水,但降低了季节性地表排水/土壤蒸发,并增加了土壤有机碳的积累.
结论:
- 谷物麦覆盖作物有望通过改善土壤特性来缓解持续玉米系统的气候变化影响,尽管不会直接增加产量.
- 该研究强调需要更广泛地扩大覆盖作物物种和地点,以了解它们在适应性农业中的全部潜力.
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