意识到可预测性,而不是仅仅是可预测性,增强了对听觉节奏中的目标的感知效益,而不是跟随时间线索的目标
Miriam Heynckes1, Kim Hoffmann1, Elia Formisano1,2
1Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
PloS one
|October 27, 2023
概括
周期性节奏可以改善声音处理,但只有当注意力被引导时. 明确的指令可以在节奏模式中增强目标检测,这表明单独的节奏并不总是足以产生感知效益.
科学领域:
- 听觉感知是一种听觉感知.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心理物理学的精神物理.
背景情况:
- 众所周知,与非周期性刺激相比,定期的听觉刺激,如节奏,可以增强声音处理.
- 理论上,这种增强是由于神经引进而产生的,改善了即将到来的声音的预测.
- 假设周期性节奏比单个时间线索提供更大的处理效益.
研究的目的:
- 调查周期性节奏是否与非周期性节奏或单个时间线索相比,内在改善听觉目标检测.
- 检查明确知识和有针对性的注意力在调节周期性节律的感知益处中的作用.
- 测试这样的假设:周期性刺激的神经卷入导致更高效的预测和处理.
主要方法:
- 通过使用一个困难的时间检测任务进行了一项心理物理实验.
- 参与者检测到嵌入周期性和非周期性节奏的目标声音,并遵循单个时间线索.
- 使用了两种条件:一种是隐式可预测性,另一种是明确指令在节奏内的目标定时.
主要成果:
- 目标检测在周期性和时间性暗示条件下明显好于在无周期性条件下,无论有明确的信息.
- 仅仅在周期节奏中的可预测性,与单个时间线索相比,并没有改善检测.
- 只有当参与者明确地被告知目标在周期律中的精确时间时,敏感性才会增加.
结论:
- 定期的听觉节奏不会自动赋予比可预测的非节奏线索更好的感知效益.
- 明确的指令和有针对性的注意力对于实现周期性听觉节奏的充分感知优势至关重要.
- 节奏引进的预测效益可能取决于注意力集中和对时间规律的有意识意识.
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