阻断AMPKαS496酸化可以改善线粒体动态和高血糖在衰老和肥胖中
Alexia Pearah1, Balamurugan Ramatchandirin1, Ting Liu2
1Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Cell chemical biology
|October 27, 2023
概括
升高的胰岛素和葡萄糖会通过酸化AMPK来损害线粒体动力学. 用酸对这种酸化进行向,使线粒体再生,并减少肥胖患者的肝脏葡萄糖产量.
科学领域:
- 线粒体生物学 线粒体生物学
- 代谢性疾病是一种代谢性疾病.
- 分子机制的分子机制
背景情况:
- 损坏的线粒体动力学与衰老和代谢疾病有关.
- 线粒体动力学损伤背后的精确分子机制尚不清楚.
- 功能失调的线粒体有助于与年龄相关的和代谢障碍.
研究的目的:
- 阐明将胰岛素/葡萄糖水平升高与线粒体动力学受损联系起来的分子机制.
- 为了研究AMPKα1在S496的酸化在代谢功能障碍中的作用.
- 开发和评估用于治疗干预的新型AMPK向.
主要方法:
- 研究了胰岛素/葡萄糖对AMPKα酸化 (S496) 通过AKT/PKA的影响.
- 分析了老年,肥胖小鼠和患者的肝脏组织中的AMPK-MFF-DRP1信号通路.
- 在体外和体内设计和测试AMPK特异性向 (Pa496m,Pa496h).
- 在肥胖小鼠中评估了线粒体功能,ROS生产和肝脏葡萄糖生产.
主要成果:
- 升高的胰岛素/葡萄糖通过在S496酸化AMPKα来降低线粒体裂变,从而损害AMPK-MFF-DRP1信号传递.
- 在老年小鼠,肥胖小鼠和肥胖患者中观察到S496的AMPKα1酸化增加.
- 向AMPK的 (Pa496m/Pa496h) 恢复了AMPK的活性,增强了线粒体分裂和氧化,并减少了ROS.
- 这些可以使线粒体再生,并显著抑制肥胖小鼠的肝脏葡萄糖的产生.
结论:
- AMPKα1 S496酸化是将荷尔蒙失衡与老化和肥胖中的线粒体功能障碍联系起来的关键机制.
- 向AMPK的酸具有逆转线粒体损伤的潜力.
- 这些为老年人和肥胖人口的高血糖和代谢功能障碍提供了有前途的治疗策略.
更多相关视频
09:40Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle
Published on: January 19, 2017
11.8K
12:32High-resolution Respirometry to Measure Mitochondrial Function of Intact Beta Cells in the Presence of Natural Compounds
Published on: January 23, 2018
12.1K
相关概念视频
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways
6.4K
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
6.4K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
3.6K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
3.6K
Mitochondria
13.6K
Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
13.6K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
3.8K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.8K
