中国的煤炭发电技术的多因素配置在生命周期环境影响方面存在很大差异
Junjie Li1, Yulong Yan2, Yirong Wang2
1Engineering Research Center of Clean and Low-carbon Technology for Intelligent Transportation, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China; School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China.
The Science of the total environment
|October 27, 2023
概括
中国多样化的煤炭发电技术显示出不同的环境影响. 优化操作参数和配置可以减少污染,但更清洁的生产对于显著的改进至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 能源政策 能源政策
- 工业生态学 工业生态学
背景情况:
- 中国的煤电行业采用多种技术,环境影响差异不明.
- 现有的评估很难考虑影响环境绩效的因素,缺乏详细的数据.
- 需要采取全面的方法来评估煤炭发电技术,而不仅仅是单一因素的表征.
研究的目的:
- 量化中国多因素煤电技术配置对环境的影响.
- 开发一个详细的数据库,将四个关键因素合到22个配置中.
- 评估省级环境影响的空间异质性.
主要方法:
- 对所有中国煤炭发电机组的调查数据,合操作参数,炉类型,冷却方法和轮机模式分为22种配置.
- 编制了一个详细的数据库,每种配置有88个输入/输出数据点,使用了所有单位近一半的运行数据.
- 应用CML 2016生命周期评估方法来量化十二个环境影响类别.
主要成果:
- 不同的技术配置之间存在显著的环境影响差异.
- 更高的运行参数提高了环境友好性,而多样化的炉类型和冷却方法增加了影响.
- 轮模式显示由于动力分配的影响微不足道;在各省份中观察到影响的空间异质性.
结论:
- 对于中国的煤炭发电部门进行结构调整,以减少对环境的影响,存在巨大的潜力.
- 整体改善需要更清洁的生产策略,重点关注发电和上游煤炭供应流程.
- 强大的建模结果,不确定性<10%,支持改善环境的政策建议.
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