深度学习用于在非查性胸部CT扫描中检测良性和恶性肺结节
Ward Hendrix1,2, Nils Hendrix1,2,3, Ernst T Scholten1
1Diagnostic Imaging Analysis Group, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Communications medicine
|October 27, 2023
概括
一个新的人工智能 (AI) 系统可靠地在胸部CT扫描上检测肺结节,包括癌症和转移. 这种人工智能在非查环境中表现出与放射科医生相当或优于放射科医生的表现.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 肺癌通常是通过查程序之外的胸部CT扫描偶然检测到的.
- 人工智能 (AI) 用于肺癌检测的临床验证在非查环境中是有限的.
- 人工智能显示出改善早期肺癌诊断的希望.
研究的目的:
- 开发和临床验证基于深度学习的AI系统,用于CT扫描上检测肺结节.
- 评估人工智能系统在识别可操作的良性结节,肺癌和转移中的性能.
- 将人工智能系统的检测能力与胸部放射科医生小组进行比较.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个深度学习的人工智能系统,用于在胸部CT扫描中检测结节.
- 通过两个荷兰医院的数据进行了内部和外部验证.
- 放射科医生标记了结节,并使用国家癌症注册表数据验证了恶性瘤状态.
- 用预定义的假阳性率 (自由响应ROC) 的灵敏度来评估性能.
主要成果:
- 在外部测试组上,AI系统在检测良性结节 (94.3%),肺癌 (96.9%) 和转移 (92.0%) 方面取得了高灵敏度.
- 在临床上可接受的每次扫描1个假阳性的操作点评估了性能.
- 人工智能灵敏度与放射科医生小组的灵敏度相当或超过.
- 与放射科医生相比,人工智能系统的假阳性率略高.
结论:
- 人工智能系统在临床上指示的CT扫描中可靠检测良性和恶性肺结节.
- 这种人工智能工具有可能帮助放射科医生在非查环境中解释胸部CT扫描.
- 这些发现支持AI在改善肺结节的诊断准确性方面的临床实用性.
相关概念视频
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan
97
Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
97
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT
253
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
253


