"尽可能安全":对非法阿片类药物使用者中阿片类药物戒断和风险行为的定性研究
David Frank1,2,3, Luther Elliott4,5, Charles M Cleland5,6
1Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA. dfrank40@gmail.com.
Harm reduction journal
|October 27, 2023
概括
阿片类药物戒断显著增加了在使用非法阿片类药物 (PWUIO) 的人中采取风险行为的行为,特别是与芬太尼. 了解这种联系挑战了成病理学模型,并支持药物使用的非医疗化.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 成研究 研究成研究
背景情况:
- 在使用非法阿片类药物 (PWUIO) 的人中,阿片类药物戒断很常见,并且与增加的冒险行为有关.
- 芬太尼的流行可能会加剧这种关联,加剧PWUIO的负面健康结果.
- 当前的成模式可能过分简化了风险行为作为病理,在使用者和非用户之间产生分歧.
研究的目的:
- 在PWUIO中探索阿片类药物戒断和风险行为之间的关系.
- 通过检查戒断在承担风险中的作用,挑战成的疾病模型.
- 为其他风险理论提供信息,并使非法药物使用变得非医疗化.
主要方法:
- 在纽约市与PWUIO进行了32次远程半结构化采访,报告了最近的退出.
- 采访发生在2022年4月至8月之间,并被转录.
- 根据现有文献,采用了感应和演编码策略.
主要成果:
- 参与者报告说,戒断和愿意承担风险之间存在强烈联系,这种联系被芬太尼增强.
- 描述与个人主义的"错误决定"风险叙述相矛盾.
- 社会和结构因素,包括毒品政策,显著塑造了风险和反应.
结论:
- 阿片类药物戒断需要严的伦理考虑和认可,作为风险行为的催化剂.
- 将戒断回避视为非理性病理的理论无法捕捉到PWUIO经历的复杂性.
- 需要不那么决定性,不那么医学化的理论来解释不同的视角和对风险的社会结构影响.
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