机器学习用于从公共数据库中获取异常肺部声音的自动分类:系统审查
Juan P Garcia-Mendez1, Amos Lal2, Svetlana Herasevich1
1Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 28, 2023
概括
机器学习模型可以分类异常的肺部声音,改进了手动听觉. 然而,公共数据库中的不一致的数据和方法限制了进展,需要标准化的记录和标签.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 肺部听觉对于诊断肺部疾病至关重要,但取决于操作者.
- 机器学习 (ML) 模型提供自动肺声分类,需要大量数据集.
- 公共可用的数据库旨在为ML模型开发提供必要的数据.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和比较用于肺声分类的ML模型.
- 评估这些模型的特性,诊断准确性和数据源.
- 识别现有研究和公共数据库中的局限性和问题.
主要方法:
- 从五个主要数据库中对1990年至2022年间发表的论文进行系统的文献综述.
- 使用修改的 QUADAS-2 工具进行包含的研究的质量评估.
- 分析了62项使用ML模型和公共肺声数据库的研究.
主要成果:
- 人工神经网络 (ANN) 和支持矢量机器 (SVM) 是常见的ML分类器.
- 诊断准确度有所不同:异常声音类型的49.43%100%和疾病分类的69.40%99.62%.
- 确定了17个公共数据库;ICBHI 2017是使用最多的 (66%).
- 大多数研究都显示出偏见的高风险,特别是在患者选择和参考标准方面.
结论:
- 机器学习模型显示,使用公共数据对异常肺部声音进行分类是有前途的.
- 不一致的报告和方法阻碍了现场进展.
- 公共数据库的标准化记录和标签程序对于未来的进步至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:23Assessment of Respiration
The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...
01:28Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation
Auscultation is a crucial component of the physical assessment of the respiratory tract. It offers valuable insights into airflow through the bronchial tree and potential lung obstructions. This process involves careful listening to breath, voice, and adventitious sounds, which can reveal a wealth of information about a patient's respiratory health.
Breath Sounds
Breath sounds are categorized into vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial.
Breath Sounds
Breath sounds are categorized into vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial.
01:30Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion
Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
01:31Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation
In assessing respiratory abnormalities, palpation and auscultation are critical tools for detecting and interpreting various pathophysiological changes. These techniques provide insight into underlying disorders by evaluating tactile sensations and sounds produced by the respiratory system.
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities: