来自便污染的环境来源的Clostridioides difficile:从分子流行病学角度看耐药性和遗传关系
Khald Blau1, Fabian K Berger2,3, Alexander Mellmann3,4
1Department of Microbiology-Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, 26723 Emden, Germany.
Microorganisms
|October 28, 2023
概括
克洛斯特里迪奥伊德困难的环境分离物显示出各种毒性因素和抗菌素耐药性 (AMR). 一些与社区关联的C. difficile感染 (CA-CDI) 相关的菌株表明,从环境来源可能发生动物传播.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 传染病 传染病 传染病
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 困难菌是与抗微生物药物相关的腹的主要原因.
- 社区相关的C. difficile感染 (CA-CDI) 是一个新兴的问题.
- 困难菌的环境储存库尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了描述C. difficile从环境来源的毒性因素,抗菌素耐药性 (AMR) 和细菌核型 (RT) 分布.
- 为了研究环境中C. difficile分离物的遗传关系.
- 评估环境C. difficile和CA-CDI之间的潜在联系.
主要方法:
- 从德国北部的环境样本中分离出C. difficile.
- 抗微生物敏感性测试 (E-测试,磁盘扩散).
- 对毒素基因 (tcdA,tcdB,cdtAB) 的PCR和核型定型.
- 全基因组测序 (WGS) 用于核心基因组多位置序列类型 (cgMLST),AMR和病毒性基因.
主要成果:
- 89%的分离物具有毒性;51%携带二进制毒素基因 (cdtAB).
- 确定了30种不同的核糖类型 (RT) 和32种序列类型 (ST),其中RT127,RT126,RT001,RT078和RT014是最常见的.
- 所有分离物对万科米辛和美特罗尼达敏感;观察到对莫西弗洛克萨辛 (14%),克拉里思罗米辛 (26%) 和利法辛 (2%) 的可变耐药性.
- 鉴定出 AMR 基因,这些基因对诺基诺,β-乳酸盐,氨基糖化物,宏化物和四环素产生耐药性.
- 检测到与CA-CDI相关的几种RTs,表明潜在的人与环境传播和动物传播潜力.
结论:
- 环境C. difficile分离物表现出显著的遗传多样性,并携带毒性和AMR基因.
- 在环境中存在CA-CDI相关的RTs突出显示了潜在的动物传播途径.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解环境来源在C. difficile流行病学中的作用.
相关概念视频
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
17
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
17
Other Unique Bacteria
19
Magnetic bacteria exhibit a directed movement called magnetotaxis, driven by structures called magnetosomes. These magnetosomes consist of chains of magnetic particles made of either magnetite (Fe₃O₄) or greigite (Fe₃S₄) and are organized in a linear conformation by a protein scaffold within invaginations of the cell membrane. The bacteria align along the north–south magnetic field lines, much like a compass needle. They are typically microaerophilic or anaerobic...
19
Applications of Molecular Taxonomy
25
Molecular taxonomy has revolutionized the understanding and classification of bacteria, providing precise insights into their diversity, evolutionary relationships, and ecological roles. By utilizing molecular techniques such as DNA sequencing and fingerprinting, researchers have made significant strides in various fields related to bacterial studies.Resolving Taxonomic AmbiguitiesMolecular taxonomy has been instrumental in distinguishing closely related bacterial species initially thought to...
25
Modern Molecular Taxonomy
26
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
26


