相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 12, 2025

08:57
Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
Published on: August 14, 2018
15.9K
快速发展的对齐地点对生命树深层次的复构具有高度的信息意义
L Thibério Rangel1, Gregory P Fournier1
1Department of Earth, Atmospheric, & Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Microorganisms
|October 28, 2023
概括
在植物遗传学分析中切割快速发展的部位是常见的,但有缺陷. 我们的研究表明,即使是快速进化的遗址也含有关键的基因信息,并且它们的去除可以降低重建进化关系的准确性.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 人类遗传学 是一个学科.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- "缓慢快速"分析方法假设在序列对齐中快速演变的位点由于置换和而缺乏遗传学信号.
- 这种方法涉及快速演变的遗址的修剪,相信较慢的遗址保留了更准确的进化记录来进行遗传学重建.
- 这种假设在使用保存蛋白质的生命树研究中得到广泛应用.
研究的目的:
- 挑战快速发展的遗址不包含可靠的遗传学信息的假设.
- 研究修剪快速变化的遗址对遗传学重建的准确性的影响.
- 通过模拟和真实数据集,评估缓慢和快速发展的遗传学信号.
主要方法:
- 在生命树研究中使用的核糖体蛋白数据集模拟的模拟序列对齐.
- 分析特定地点的替代率及其与二分区恢复的相关性.
- 检查已发表的生命树序列对齐数据集,以评估遗传学信号的一致性.
- 使用不同的部位修剪策略 (快速,缓慢或两者兼而有之) 来比较原始遗传学重建结果.
主要成果:
- 与"缓慢-快速"假设相反,快速发展的网站包含有价值的遗传学信息.
- 修剪快速发展的遗址会对遗传遗传重建的准确性产生负面影响,而缓慢的遗址不太可能恢复真正的二分区.
- 特定地点的替代率与短分支二分区的准确恢复有正相关.
- 缓慢和快速站点都表现出类似的基因信号不一致水平,快速站点的不一致性通常是由于对齐质量问题.
- 修剪策略显著改变了家族遗传重建,特别是影响了Eukarya和Asgardarchaeota的位置.
结论:
- 修剪快速发展的遗址的"缓慢快速"方法并不普遍有益,并且可以降低遗传学准确性.
- 快速进化的遗址,即使在保存的蛋白质中,也保留了对于准确的进化重建至关重要的重要基因信息.
- 调整质量是影响快速变化的遗传遗传场所遗传信号可靠性的关键因素.
相关概念视频
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.8K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.8K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.1K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.1K
Phylogenetic Trees
45.4K
Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
45.4K
Phylogeny
44.2K
Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
44.2K
The Tree of Life - Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryotes
32.4K
The “tree of life” describes the evolution of life and the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The root of the tree is the common ancestor to all life on Earth. All other species radiate from this point, much like the branches of a tree. The numerous tips of these branches on the tree of life represent every living, or extant, species. Extinct species, which are species that no longer exist, can be found towards the center of the tree. Currently, these organisms, both...
32.4K
Synteny and Evolution
3.3K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.3K

