上道泌尿道癌 (UTUC) 诊断和风险分层:全面审查
Masoud Bitaraf1, Mahmood Ghafoori Yazdi1, Erfan Amini1
1Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1419733141, Iran.
Cancers
|October 28, 2023
概括
准确的诊断和风险分层是管理上道泌尿道癌 (UTUC) 的关键. 本综述探讨了诊断工具和预后因素,以指导治疗决策并改善患者的治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 泌尿器科 泌尿器科 泌尿器科 泌尿器科
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 诊断成像 诊断成像 诊断成像
背景情况:
- 上管泌尿道癌 (UTUC) 的管理在很大程度上依赖于准确的诊断和风险分层.
- 有效的治疗决策需要来自各种诊断模式的综合数据.
- 预测工具和名谱对于预测UTUC患者的生存率和不良结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查UTUC的现有和新型诊断方式.
- 讨论影响UTUC结果的患者和瘤相关预后因素.
- 评估预测工具在手术决策和术后管理中的作用.
主要方法:
- 检查诊断技术,包括细胞学,尿尿管镜 (URS) 与先进的成像 (光动力学诊断,窄带成像,光学连贯性断层扫描,共聚焦激光内微镜) 和活检.
- 分析与患者相关的因素 (年龄,性别,种族,生活方式,肉症,营养,血液标志物).
- 评估与瘤相关的预后因素 (阶段,等级,位置,大小,入侵,边缘,淋巴结,分子特征,组织学).
主要成果:
- 诊断模式为综合预测工具提供数据.
- 许多患者和瘤因素显著影响存活率.
- 术前工具有助于预测疾病的侵入性和指导手术方法 (激进 vs 节省).
- 手术后的诺姆图表有助于规划辅助疗法和随访.
结论:
- 对诊断数据和预后因素的全面评估对于工会管理至关重要.
- 新的诊断工具提高了风险分层的准确性.
- 为了个性化治疗策略,需要对UTUC患者进行精细分层.
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