在结核病中使用病毒载体进行基因治疗和接种疫苗
Dulce Mata-Espinosa1, Jacqueline V Lara-Espinosa1, Jorge Barrios-Payán1
1Sección de Patología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección 16, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 28, 2023
概括
使用腺病毒载体的基因疗法通过增强免疫反应来治疗结核病 (TB) 是有前途的. 这种方法可以作为活性结核病的辅助疗法,以及潜在结核病和传播的预防策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学和传染病的研究
- 基因治疗和疫苗学
背景情况:
- 由Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) 引起的结核病 (TB) 是全球主要的死亡原因.
- 目前的结核病治疗是漫长的,导致遵守问题,毒性和耐药菌株 (MDR-TB,XDR-TB) 的增加.
- 迫切需要新的抗结核病治疗策略.
研究的目的:
- 审查利用编码细胞因子和抗微生物的重组腺病毒载体进行基因治疗的模型策略.
- 检查基于粒子或病毒载体的新型疫苗,用于输送Mtb抗原.
- 评估这些方法作为结核病的替代治疗和预防措施的潜力.
主要方法:
- 对涉及腺病毒载体编码细胞因子 (IFNγ,IL12,GM/CSF,OPN,TNFα) 和抗菌的基因疗法模型的审查.
- 对已建立的结核病模型的分析:渐进性肺结核病,慢性感染 (潜伏性结核病模仿) 和小鼠肺的Mtb传播.
- 对新型疫苗的评估,这些新型疫苗使用粒子或病毒载体来传递Mtb抗原.
主要成果:
- 在各种临床前模型中,腺病毒介导的基因治疗增强了对Mtb的保护性免疫反应.
- 基于粒子和病毒的载体疫苗有效地引起对Mtb抗原的免疫反应.
- 这些策略表明,作为抗生素的辅助剂,可以治疗活性结核病,并预防潜结核病的重新激活和传播.
结论:
- 使用腺病毒载体的基因疗法代表了结核病的有希望的替代治疗策略.
- 基于腺病毒载体的疫苗有效预防传染病,包括结核病.
- 这些创新方法为结核病和MTB传播的治疗和预防提供了潜力.
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