设计,合成和生物评估新型N-Arylpiperazines含有4,5-Dihydrothiazole环的设计,合成和生物评估
Giorgia Andreozzi1, Maria Rosaria Ambrosio2, Elisa Magli3
1Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 28, 2023
概括
新型 thiazolinylphenyl-piperazines 对前列腺癌和乳腺癌细胞系表现出有希望的抗癌活性. 这些化合物表现出显著的细胞毒性,没有观察到对非癌细胞的影响,这表明它们具有治疗潜力.
科学领域:
- 药用化学 医学化学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
背景情况:
- 阿里尔皮佩拉是具有多种药理应用的关键5-HT1AR配体.
- 研究重点是修改阿里尔皮佩拉辛药,以开发新的衍生品.
- 5-HT1A受体是神经科学和药物发现的重要目标.
研究的目的:
- 合成新型 thiazolinylphenyl-piperazines 和它们的乙化衍生物.
- 为了评估这些化合物的亲和力和功能活性在色胺5-HT1A受体.
- 研究合成化合物对人类癌症细胞系的细胞毒性作用.
主要方法:
- 新型 thiazolinylphenyl-piperazines (2a-c) 和 N-乙衍生物 (3a-c) 的高效合成协议.
- 评估5-HT1A受体亲和力 (Ki值) 和功能活性.
- 对人类前列腺癌 (LNCAP,DU-145,PC-3) 和乳腺癌 (MCF-7,SKBR-3,MDA-MB231) 细胞系的细胞毒性测定.
主要成果:
- 化合物2b对5-HT1A受体表现出显著的亲和力,其基值为412nM.
- 所有测试的化合物 (2a-c和3a-c) 对癌细胞系表现出细胞毒性作用.
- IC50值在15μM到73μM之间,在非癌细胞中没有观察到毒性.
结论:
- 新型 thiazolinylphenyl-piperazines及其衍生物对各种人类癌症细胞系具有显著的细胞毒性活性.
- 这些化合物对5-HT1A受体具有有利的亲和力.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索这些化合物的作用机制和治疗潜力.
相关概念视频
Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines
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The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.
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Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines
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Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
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Treating arylamines with nitrous acid gives aryldiazonium salts that are effective substrates in nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. The diazonio group in these salts can be easily displaced by different nucleophiles, yielding a wide variety of substituted benzenes. The leaving group departs as nitrogen gas, and this easy elimination is the driving force for the substitution reaction.
In the Sandmeyer reaction, for example, the diazonio group is replaced by a chloro, bromo,...
In the Sandmeyer reaction, for example, the diazonio group is replaced by a chloro, bromo,...
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Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H
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Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
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Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions
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Arenediazonium substitution reactions occur when the diazonium group is substituted by various functional groups such as halides, hydroxyl, nitrile, etc. For instance, arenediazonium salts react with copper(I) salts of chloride, bromide, or cyanide to form corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides, and nitriles. These reactions are named Sandmeyer reactions. Although the mechanism of this reaction is complicated, as illustrated in Figure 1, they are believed to progress via an aryl copper...
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Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom,...
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