当代SARS-CoV-2-中和抗体通过N-glycan介导的盾牌
Leili Baghaie1, Fleur Leroy2, Mehdi Sheikhi3,4
1Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
Viruses
|October 28, 2023
概括
病毒突变可以逃避免疫反应,但现有的疫苗和助推剂仍然可以提供对新型SARS-CoV-2变异的保护. 持续接种疫苗对于预防进一步的突变和开发改进的疫苗至关重要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 病毒突变,包括糖基化变化,可以使表位素变得非免疫原,降低对中和抗体的敏感性.
- 托马斯·弗朗西斯的理论表明,事先存在的免疫记忆可能会阻碍对新型病毒表位的反应.
- 一些人认为,目前的SARS-CoV-2疫苗对新变种无效,可能会损害未来的免疫力.
研究的目的:
- 挑战目前疫苗对新型SARS-CoV-2变种无效的理论.
- 提出免疫学证据,支持继续进行普遍的SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种.
- 为下一代疫苗的开发提供信息,针对保存或新型表位.
主要方法:
- 审查和分析现有的免疫学理论和数据.
- 检查抗体和T细胞受体 (TCR) 与突变表位素的结合 afinities.
- 免疫学推理支持或反驳目前针对SARS-CoV-2变种的疫苗疗效.
主要成果:
- 尽管结合亲和力降低了,但先前接种疫苗或感染的抗体和TCR仍然可以中和Beta,Gamma和Delta等新变体,特别是在增强剂量时.
- 以前的免疫记忆不一定会阻止对突变表位的有效反应.
结论:
- 对SARS-CoV-2的普遍疫苗接种应继续进行,以减轻进一步的病毒演变.
- 了解表位突变和免疫反应是开发广泛保护性疫苗和治疗方法的关键.
- 助推剂可以增强现有疫苗对新兴病毒菌株的疗效.
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