在COVID-19流行病的第二年,儿科人口中侵入性肺炎球菌病的变化
Conchita Izquierdo1, Pilar Ciruela1,2, Núria Soldevila2,3
1Agència de Salut Publica de Catalunya, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
由于COVID-19大流行,加泰罗尼亚儿童的侵袭性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 发生率显著降低. 尽管2021年医疗保健需求增加,但IPD的发病率仍然远低于大流行前的水平.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 2020年,侵入性肺炎球菌病 (IPD) 发病率在全球范围内下降,这与COVID-19缓解措施相吻合.
- COVID-19大流行影响了医疗保健利用和疾病模式,需要对其对儿科IPD的特定影响进行评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估COVID-19大流行对加泰罗尼亚医疗需求和儿科IPD发病率的影响.
- 为了比较2021年的IPD率和医疗保健利用率与大流行前 (2018-2019) 和大流行早期 (2020) 时期.
主要方法:
- 一项从2018年到2021年在加泰罗尼亚进行的回顾性研究.
- 研究期间之间的急诊室 (ER) 访问和IPD发病率的比较.
- 计算发病率比率 (IRR) 和百分比变化以量化差异.
主要成果:
- 2021年,与2018-2019年相比,儿童急救诊所的访问量下降了21%,与2020年相比,随后增加了22%.
- 2021年IPD的总体发病率为每10万人4.6例,比2018-2019年的11.0例减少了58%.
- 对于PCV13血清型而言,IPD的减少比非PCV13血清型更明显,特别是在严格的公共卫生措施期间.
结论:
- 随着COVID-19大流行,儿科IPD发病率大幅下降,超过了整体医疗需求的减少.
- 2021年IPD发病率仍然明显低于大流行前的水平,在加强公共卫生干预期间观察到显著的减少.
- 这些发现突出了大流行期间公共卫生措施,医疗保健利用和传染病动态之间的复杂相互作用.
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