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阻止传输的疫苗对狗内脏莱什曼病:新的进展,但新的挑战
Jaqueline Costa Leite1, Ana Alice Maia Gonçalves1, Diana Souza de Oliveira1
1Laboratory of Biology of Cell Interactions, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil.
Vaccines
|October 28, 2023
概括
开发用于治疗犬内脏雷什曼病 (CVL) 的阻断传播疫苗 (TBV) 是一个有前途的战略. 这些疫苗旨在中断Leishmania infantum从狗到人类的传播周期,为当前效率较低的疫苗提供替代方案.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 狗是 *Leishmania infantum * 的储存库,该病原体是狗内脏雷什曼病 (CVL) 的致病因.
- 现有的CVL疫苗 (Leish-tec®,LetiFend®) 由于复杂的宿主-寄生虫相互作用和传播动态,其疗效有限.
- 控制CVL对于在城市环境中预防人类莱什曼病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探索阻止传播的疫苗 (TBVs) 作为一种新的策略来控制狗内脏莱什曼病.
- 评估TBVs在中断感染犬向载体传播Leishmania infantum的潜力.
主要方法:
- 审查现有关于利什曼病疫苗开发的文献.
- 对其他载体传播疾病 (如疟疾,登革热) 中使用的阻止传播的疫苗策略的分析.
- 评估针对CVL和其他形式的莱什曼病的TBVs的初步研究.
主要成果:
- 目前的CVL疫苗的有效性有限.
- 阻止传播的疫苗提供了一个有希望的替代方案,因为它针对的是寄生虫的传播,而不仅仅是宿主免疫力.
- 对莱什曼病的早期TBV研究显示出令人鼓舞的结果.
结论:
- 阻止传播的疫苗是CVL控制的可行和有吸引力的替代方案.
- 进一步的TBV研究和开发是有必要的,以对抗犬类和人类的莱什曼病.
- 结核病毒可能会抑制载体中的寄生虫发展或破坏载体生物学,从而中断疾病传播.
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