测试海森伯格型测量不确定性关系的三个可观测的测试
Ya-Li Mao1, Hu Chen1,2, Chang Niu3
1Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
Physical review letters
|October 28, 2023
概括
本研究提出了对三种量子可观测物测量不确定性关系 (MURs) 的第一个实验性调查. 研究人员开发了一种新的方法来证明量子比特的这些关系,进步了量子力学理解.
科学领域:
- 量子信息科学 量子信息科学
- 量子基础的基础 量子基础的基础
- 量子力学就是量子力学.
背景情况:
- 测量不确定性关系 (MUR) 对量子基础和信息科学至关重要.
- 现有的研究主要集中在两个量子可观测的MUR上.
研究的目的:
- 首次对三种量子可观测物实验性地研究MUR.
- 为了建立严格的MURs三胞胎的不偏见的量子实体可观测.
- 探索这些MUR在量子信息科学中的应用.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个凸起式编程协议,以确定不兼容性测量和最佳测量.
- 提出并实施了新的联合测量技术.
- 使用单光子量子比特进行实验演示.
主要成果:
- 成功建立并通过实验验证了三重无偏方量子可观测物的MURs.
- 证明了MURs可以通过不兼容性措施来下限.
- 表明,在特定情况下,可以通过连续测量来实现联合测量MUR.
结论:
- 这项工作为涉及三个量子可观测物的MUR提供了第一个实验证据.
- 开发的方法适用于研究多个量子比特可观测的方法.
- 这些发现丰富了对海森堡不确定性原理对多个可观测物的理解,并激发了新的量子信息应用.
相关概念视频
04:08The Uncertainty Principle
23.4K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
23.4K
02:46Uncertainty in Measurement: Reading Instruments
38.3K
Counting is the type of measurement that is free from uncertainty, provided the number of objects being counted does not change during the process. Such measurements result in exact numbers. By counting the eggs in a carton, for instance, one can determine exactly how many eggs are there in the carton. Similarly, the numbers of defined quantities are also exact. For example, 1 foot is exactly 12 inches, 1 inch is exactly 2.54 centimeters, and 1 gram is exactly 0.001 kilograms. Quantities...
38.3K
00:59Uncertainty: Overview
570
In analytical chemistry, we often perform repetitive measurements to detect and minimize inaccuracies caused by both determinate and indeterminate errors. Despite the cares we take, the presence of random errors means that repeated measurements almost never have exactly the same magnitude. The collective difference between these measurements - observed values - and the estimated or expected value is called uncertainty. Uncertainty is conventionally written after the estimated or expected value.
570
03:37Uncertainty in Measurement: Accuracy and Precision
73.8K
Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value.
73.8K
00:59Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error
704
An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
704
01:10Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error
534
The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
534