用伪光子数解析探测器和量子计算优势进行高斯玻色子采样
Yu-Hao Deng1,2,3, Yi-Chao Gu1,2,3, Hua-Liang Liu1,2,3
1Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
Physical review letters
|October 28, 2023
概括
新的量子实验证明高斯玻色子采样具有多达255个光子点击事件. 这种量子计算优势明显优于经典的超级计算机,在微秒钟内生成样本,而不是几个世纪.
科学领域:
- 量子信息科学 量子信息科学
- 量子计算是一种量子计算.
- 量子光学是一种量子光学.
背景情况:
- 高斯玻色子采样是证明量子计算优势的关键任务.
- 之前的实验在光子检测和噪声表征方面遇到了局限性.
- 缩放量子系统对于实现实际量子计算至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 报告新的高斯玻色子采样实验,利用伪光子数解析检测.
- 开发一个更全面的模型来描述噪音高斯玻色子采样,考虑到部分光子的区分能力.
- 在量子优势制度中,对量子生成的样本进行验证,以对比经典的伪造方法.
主要方法:
- 实施高斯玻色子采样实验,最多有255个光子点击事件.
- 开发一种包含部分光子区分能力的噪声表征模型.
- 贝叶斯试验和相关函数分析用于样本验证的应用.
主要成果:
- 在高斯玻色子采样实验中成功记录了多达255个光子点击事件.
- 量子计算优势的演示,使用Jiǔzhāng 3.0量子计算机在微秒内生成样本.
- 经典模拟估计表明,在像Frontier这样的超级计算机上生成类似样本需要数千到数十亿年的时间.
结论:
- 报告的实验代表了量子玻色子采样能力的重大进步.
- 开发的模型提供了对杂量子计算的更准确的描述.
- 结果强烈支持量子计算机在特定计算任务中超越经典系统的潜力.
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