在幼儿时期的结构和功能连接体关系
Yoonmi Hong1, Emil Cornea1, Jessica B Girault2
1Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|October 28, 2023
概括
大脑发育显示了从幼儿时期到成年期的一致的结构-功能合. 先进的深度学习模型使用结构数据准确预测单个功能性大脑网络.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 脑部成像 脑部成像
背景情况:
- 大脑结构和功能之间的关系在成人和年龄较大的儿童中已经得到了很好的确立.
- 然而,这种结构-功能合在幼儿时期如何发展仍然在很大程度上是未知的.
- 了解这种发育轨迹对于理解典型和非典型的大脑发育至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查皮质结构功能合的发育轨迹,从婴儿期到幼儿期.
- 为了比较幼儿的结构-功能关系与成年人的结构-功能关系.
- 开发和验证一种新的深度学习模型,用于从结构连接中预测功能性大脑连接.
主要方法:
- 从360名儿童的纵向神经成像数据,在1,2,4岁和6岁时进行扫描.
- 一个89名成年人的比较数据集.
- 应用一种新的图形卷积神经网络 (GCNN) 深度学习模型,具有自定义损失函数.
主要成果:
- 幼儿时代表现出结构-功能合的区域模式,反映了成年人的模式.
- 开发的GCNN深度学习模型显著提高了从结构连接到个人功能连接的预测准确性.
- 该模型表现出增强捕捉大脑连接的跨主体变异性的能力.
结论:
- 皮质结构-功能合在发育早期建立,并显示到成年后的连续性.
- 先进的深度学习方法可以有效地建模和预测个体的大脑连接模式.
- 这项研究为早期大脑发育提供了新的见解,并为未来的神经科学研究提供了强大的工具.
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