在地中海气候作物系统中,氨气挥发的驱动因素
Juliana Hurtado1, Eduardo Velázquez2, Luis Lassaletta3
1CEIGRAM-Chemistry and Food Technology, ETSI Agronómicas, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|October 28, 2023
概括
氨 (NH3) 挥发是肥料的主要气损失. 高率和土壤pH值超过8.2在地中海气候中显著增加NH3排放,而管理实践是减少损失的关键.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
背景情况:
- 氨 (NH3) 挥发是农业土壤中气损失的主要途径.
- 了解地中海作物系统中的NH3排放对于使用效率和环境影响至关重要.
- 这些系统中气候和NH3排放之间的关系需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 估计大气气候和作物管理因素对地中海气候区NH3排放的影响.
- 通过使用综合数据集,确定NH3挥发和排放因子 (EF) 的关键驱动因素.
- 评估内在地中海特征对NH3损失的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自地中海气候区的234个现场处理数据库.
- 采用机器学习方法,特别是随机森林 (RF),用于预测和变量重要性排名.
- 分析了与各种因素相关的累积NH3排放量和NH3排放因子 (EF).
主要成果:
- 随机森林模型对NH3 EF (R2 = 0.69) 和累积排放 (R2 = 0.76) 显示出强大的预测能力.
- 肥率是最重要的预测因素,排放量大幅增加超过170公斤N ha-1.1.
- 8.2以上的土壤pH值是最关键的环境气候因素,导致NH3排放更高 (36.7公斤NH3ha-1,EF=19.3%).
- 农作物类型,肥料类型和应用方法影响了排放,而水资源管理和土壤质地则产生了轻微的影响.
结论:
- 内在的地中海气候特征对NH3排放有间接影响,通常通过受精率和水的可用性来调解.
- 有效的肥管理对于减轻NH3排放至关重要.
- 为了制定强有力的NH3减排策略,需要对额外的现场因素进行进一步的研究.
相关概念视频
Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
25.6K
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
25.6K
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
8.1K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
8.1K
Overview of Metabolism
30.5K
Living cells constantly carry out various chemical reactions which are necessary for their proper functioning. These reactions are interlinked to one another via multiple pathways. The collection of these chemical reactions is known as metabolism.
Plant Metabolism
Sunlight, the primary source of energy in plants, is first absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments present in their leaves. Plants then use this energy to carry out photosynthesis, where water is oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide...
Plant Metabolism
Sunlight, the primary source of energy in plants, is first absorbed by the chlorophyll pigments present in their leaves. Plants then use this energy to carry out photosynthesis, where water is oxidized into oxygen and carbon dioxide...
30.5K
Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs
21
Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
21
What is Climate?
18.6K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
18.6K
Volatilization
400
Volatilization gravimetry is an analytical technique that measures the mass lost due to the volatilization of the substance. This technique is used to estimate the amount of volatile material in a sample. To perform this method, heat a known amount of the sample to a high temperature in a crucible or other suitable vessel. The volatile substance in the sample evaporates, and the vapor is completely expelled from the crucible either by heating the sample or bubbling a stream of inert gas through...
400


