一个框架来解开夜间人工光对物种相互作用的影响
Brett Seymoure1, Anthony Dell2,3, Franz Hölker4,5
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
概括
夜间的人工光 (ALAN) 通过改变它们的时空来显著影响物种相互作用. 大多数研究都证实了ALAN.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 夜间的人工光 (ALAN) 是日益严重的环境污染物.
- 虽然对生物体的影响已知,但其对物种相互作用的影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 物种相互作用是由自然光周期影响的时空所塑造的.
研究的目的:
- 审查有关ALAN如何影响物种相互作用的现有文献.
- 为了识别由ALAN引起的时空的变化.
- 突出研究差距,并建议未来的研究方向.
主要方法:
- 对研究ALAN和物种相互作用的文献综述.
- 分析出版趋势和从选定的研究中得出的结论.
- 识别当前研究中的偏见.
主要成果:
- 显著的大多数 (79个中的75个) 研究发现,ALAN改变了物种相互作用.
- 在空间和时间上观察到ALAN对物种相互作用的影响,尽管更频繁地报告了空间效应.
- 发现ALAN. 既增强了相互作用,也减少了它们.
- 对ALAN和物种相互作用的研究兴趣急剧增加,58%的分析研究自2020年以来发表.
- 捕食者与猎物的相互作用,特别是涉及脊椎动物捕食者和无脊椎动物猎物的相互作用,被不成比例地研究.
结论:
- 通过修改时空位,ALAN显然改变了物种相互作用.
- 未来的研究应该采用遥感和动物追踪等方法来探索ALAN的全部影响.
- 解决研究偏见对于全面了解ALAN的生态后果至关重要.
相关概念视频
02:00Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light
20.4K
Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
20.4K
02:45Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses
34.7K
The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
34.7K
01:22Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
6.1K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
6.1K
02:39Predator-Prey Interactions
16.3K
Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
16.3K
01:11Understanding Sleep
236
Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...
236
02:30Naturalistic Observations
15.5K
If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
15.5K