天光下的昆虫群落:夜间分散的照明会导致运动和捕食的时空变化
Alexander Dyer1,2, Remo Ryser1,2, Ulrich Brose1,2
1German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
概括
夜间的人工光 (ALAN) 扰乱了昆虫的运动和捕食,将活动从白天转移到夜晚,并向开放区域转移. 这些变化会影响生态网络和生物多样性.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
背景情况:
- 夜间的人工光 (ALAN) 通过影响生理学,行为和物种相互作用,对生态系统构成风险.
- 移动和掠食是潜在地对ALAN敏感的关键生态过程,特别是在夜间无脊椎动物中.
- 关于ALAN对这些基本生态过程的社区层面影响的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查夜间不同强度的人工光 (ALAN) 如何影响社区环境中的昆虫移动和掠食率.
- 量化昆虫活动和捕食对夜间照明梯度的时空反应,模拟天光.
主要方法:
- 在一个碎片化草原Ecotron实验中聚集昆虫群体.
- 利用无线电频率识别 (RFID) 在模拟的月球周期和不同光强度下跟踪昆虫的运动模式.
- 使用人工猎物玩偶评估掠食率,以测量改变昆虫活动的影响.
主要成果:
- 即使是低强度的天光也会引起时间转移,将昆虫活动从白天转移到夜晚.
- 观察到一个空间转移,昆虫喜欢在ALAN下夜间的开放息地.
- 昆虫运动中的这些变化间接改变了掠食率,证明了社区层面的影响.
结论:
- 夜间的人工光显著改变了昆虫群体的基本生态过程,如移动和掠食.
- 观察到的时空变化对生态网络和生态系统的运作有着关键的影响.
- 阿兰对全球生物多样性和提供基本生态系统服务构成重大威胁.
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