用于离子电池的暴露在空气中的分层氧化物阴极的结构演变:一种Ni-化Na的例子
Gabriele Brugnetti1, Claudia Triolo2,3,4, Arianna Massaro5,3
1Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano Bicocca, Milano 20125, Italy.
概括
离子电池显示出作为离子电池替代品的希望. 暴露在空气中的Na0.67Mn0.9Ni0.1O2 (NMNO) 转化为birnessite阶段,电化学性能与原始P2型材料相比.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 固态化学 固态化学
背景情况:
- 离子电池 (SIB) 正在成为离子电池的可持续替代品.
- 由于其高容量和低成本,P2型分层氧化物 (NaTMO2) 是SIB的有希望的阴极材料.
- 然而,许多P2型材料表现出空气不稳定性,与水分和CO2反应.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究Na0.67Mn0.9Ni0.1O2 (NMNO) 的空气诱导的结构转化,一个P2型层状氧化物.
- 为了比较原始NMNO的电化学特性与其暴露在空气中的伯尼赛特相.
- 阐明观察到的电化学行为背后的结构和电子原因.
主要方法:
- 通过sol-gel方法合成Na0.67Mn0.9Ni0.1O2 (NMNO) 的方法.
- 控制空气暴露以诱导相位过渡到富含Na的Birnessite.
- 用X射线衍射 (XRD),中子衍射和拉曼光谱进行结构分析.
- 在有机电解质中对金属的电化学循环.
- 密度函数理论 (DFT) 对电荷补偿机制的计算.
主要成果:
- 在暴露在空气中时,NMNO从无水的P2转化为水合的Birnessite.
- 原始的P2-NMNO和暴露在空气中的birnessite NMNO都表现出类似的电化学性能,容量在100个周期内从140到60mAhg-1减弱.
- 结构和光谱分析证实了相位过渡.
- DFT计算显示,在两个阶段都有类似的费用补偿机制.
结论:
- 暴露在空气中提供了一个简单的途径,可以从P2型NMNO中合成稳定的birnessite相.
- 结构转换不会显著降低电化学性能,这表明实际应用的潜力.
- 在P2和birnessite阶段的类似电荷补偿机制解释了它们相似的电化学特性.
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