儿童精神病紧急情况中的种族差异:健康系统的方法
Abhery Das1, Parvati Singh1, Tim Bruckner1
1Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA.
概括
社区卫生中心提供初级心理健康护理,减少了青年精神病医院紧急诊所的种族差异. 这些服务的扩展也减少了急诊室对精神病需求的整体使用.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 心理健康服务 心理健康服务
背景情况:
- 患有严重精神障碍的非洲裔美国年轻人服务不足,比白人年轻人接受的精神治疗少.
- 当获得护理时,非洲裔美国年轻人不成比例地利用急诊室满足精神病需求.
- 现有的差异凸显了少数民族青年在可访问和公平的心理健康服务方面的关键差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查在社区卫生中心 (CHCs) 扩大初级心理健康护理是否会减少青少年的精神病急诊室 (ED) 访问.
- 具体来说,要评估CHC扩张对心理治疗ED使用的种族差异的影响,特别是对非裔美国年轻人.
- 确定推动CHC心理健康服务扩张的因素及其对更广泛的精神病紧急护理系统的影响.
主要方法:
- 一种多项研究的方法,检查心理健康服务能力和护理差异之间的关系.
- 分析CHC心理健康访问与重复精神病医院ED访问的相关性.
- 对CHC扩张的县级决定因素的调查,包括社会经济因素和保险状况.
- 评估CHC扩张对整体精神科ED使用率的影响.
主要成果:
- 心理医疗中心内精神健康护理的连续性增加与青年精神病医院ED访问中的种族差异减少有关.
- 医疗中心心理健康能力的扩大与重复和整体精神病医院急救诊所的访问呈反向关系.
- 医疗保健中心心理健康服务的增长与贫困率较高,医生可用性较低,没有保险的人口较多的县有关.
- 联邦政府资助的初级心理健康服务的扩张影响了紧急精神病医疗系统,但并没有大幅减少ED访问的种族/种族差异.
结论:
- 医疗中心初级心理健康服务的扩大对精神病紧急护理系统产生了积极的影响.
- 虽然CHC的扩张显示了减少ED总体访问的希望,但它对显著缩小精神病治疗ED使用种族/民族差异的影响需要进一步调查.
- 解决青少年心理健康护理方面的差异需要多方面的战略,而不仅仅是初级保健的扩张.
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