在精神病和情绪障碍的努力成本决策的跨诊断研究
Adam J Culbreth1, Erin K Moran2, Wasita Mahaphanit3
1Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
Schizophrenia bulletin
|October 30, 2023
概括
努力成本决策 (ECDM) 缺陷在精神分裂症中很明显,愿意付出努力的意愿降低. 与对照组相比,患有严重抑郁症和双相情感障碍的个体没有表现出这些基于努力的决策差异.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 努力成本决策 (ECDM) 对于理解精神病和情绪障碍的动机缺陷至关重要.
- 患有这些疾病的个人可能会认为努力更昂贵,导致目标追求减少.
- 这项研究调查了ECDM跨精神分裂症,精神分裂情感障碍,双相情感障碍和严重抑郁障碍.
研究的目的:
- 与健康对照组相比,检查精神病和情绪障碍患者的努力成本决策 (ECDM) 差异.
- 为了测试患者群体表现出减少愿意付出努力的假设.
主要方法:
- 对患有精神分裂症 (N=33),精神分裂情绪障碍 (N=28),双相情感障碍 (N=39),严重抑郁障碍 (N=40) 和对照组 (N=70) 的参与者进行了体力劳动成本决策任务.
- 参与者选择了低努力/小回报和高努力/大回报的选择,奖励大小,概率和努力大小各不相同.
- 后勤回归分析评估了影响选择的因素,并测量了负面症状.
主要成果:
- 观察到显著的群体效应,主要是由于精神分裂症患者对高精力选择的选择减少.
- 精神分裂症患者减少高精力选择与概率信息的影响较弱有关.
- 患有重度抑郁症和双相情感障碍的个体在基于努力的决策中与对照人群没有差异.
结论:
- 这些发现支持了精神分裂症中努力成本决策缺陷的存在.
- 减少动机,一种常见的行为表型,可能源于不同疾病的不同潜在机制.
- 在精神疾病中,ECDM为剖析动机障碍提供了一个有价值的框架.
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