每小时暴露于空气污染和因中风住院急诊:一个多中心病例交叉研究
Xin Lv1, Wanying Shi1, Kun Yuan1
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (X.L., W.S., K.Y., Y.Z., S.S.).
每小时接触细颗粒物 (PM$_{2.5}$),可呼吸颗粒物 (PM$_{10}$),二氧化 (NO$_{2}$) 和二氧化硫 (SO$_{2}$) 会增加因中风住院急诊的风险. 这些关联在总和缺血性中风中最显著,特别是在男性和年轻人中.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心血管疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 每天暴露于空气污染与中风有关,但每小时对紧急病房的影响未得到充分研究.
- 了解空气污染物的短期影响对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查特定空气污染物的每小时暴露与因中风而入院的紧急病例之间的关联.
- 分析与空气污染暴露相关的中风亚型的短期风险.
主要方法:
- 一个时间分层的病例交叉研究,涉及中国86,635例中风病例 (2016-2021年).
- 使用了每小时的空气污染物数据 (PM$_{2.5}$,PM$_{10}$,NO$_{2}$,SO$_{2}$,O$_{3}$,CO) 和使用分布式滞后模型的条件后勤回归.
- 检查了总中风,缺血性中风,出血性中风和未确定的中风类型的关联.
主要成果:
- 每小时暴露于PM$_{2.5}$,PM$_{10}$,NO$_{2}$和SO$_{2}$显著增加了总和缺血性中风入院的风险.
- 观察到的最高风险是在暴露的一小时内,持续了大约2小时.
- 在男性患者和65岁以下患者中,风险增加更为明显.
结论:
- 短期暴露于PM$_{2.5}$,PM$_{10}$,NO$_{2}$和SO$_{2}$与中风的急诊医院入院增加有关.
- 一氧化碳 (CO) 和臭氧 (O$_{3}$) 没有显著的关联.
- 有针对性的减少污染的战略可以减轻中风对公共卫生的负担.
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