量化物种间和物种内部多样性对生态系统运作的影响
Lynn Govaert1, Andrew P Hendry2, Farshad Fattahi3
1Department of Evolutionary and Integrative Ecology, Leibniz Institute für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Berlin, Germany.
Ecology
|October 30, 2023
概括
种内多样性,即物种内部的变化,显著影响生态系统功能,类似于物种多样性. 新的方法量化了这些影响,有助于在不断变化的环境中保护工作.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 生物多样性研究 生物多样性研究
- 生态系统的运作 生态系统的运作
背景情况:
- 快速的环境变化导致了大量的生物多样性丧失,威胁到生态系统的功能.
- 内部的多样性 (物种内部的变化) 显示出与物种间的多样性 (物种之间的变化) 相比,具有影响生态系统功能的潜力.
- 对于物种内部与物种间生物多样性丧失对生态系统运作的相对影响的定量理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个定量框架来比较物种内部和物种间生物多样性丧失对生态系统功能的影响.
- 扩大跨物种价格分区方法,以纳入种类内部的多样性动态.
- 为评估物种内部多样性对物种间多样性丧失的补偿潜力提供工具.
主要方法:
- 跨物种价格分区方法的扩展 (最初由J. 福克斯,2006年) 以包括物种内部多样性损失和收益.
- 应用扩展方法来分析生物多样性对生态系统功能的影响.
- 使用精心设计的实验来验证该方法的见解.
主要成果:
- 扩展的价格分区方法提供了对物种间和物种内部多样性对生态系统功能的不同和综合影响的定量见解.
- 该方法允许识别对生态系统功能产生重大影响的生物多样性组成部分 (在物种或种群层面).
- 它可以评估种内多样性是否可以减轻跨物种多样性丧失的负面影响.
结论:
- 量化物种内部和物种间多样性的相对重要性对于预测生态系统对生物多样性丧失的反应至关重要.
- 扩展分区方法为生态研究和保护规划提供了有价值的工具.
- 面对全球变化,了解多层次的生物多样性对于有效的生态系统管理和保护战略至关重要.
相关概念视频
02:26Ecological Disturbance
17.1K
An ecological disturbance is a temporary disruption in the environment resulting from abiotic, biotic, or anthropogenic factors, causing a pronounced change in an ecosystem. The impact of an ecological disturbance, which can depend on its intensity, frequency, and spatial distribution, plays a significant role in shaping the species diversity within the ecosystem.
17.1K
01:19What is Biodiversity?
27.4K
Biodiversity describes the variety of living things at multiple organizational levels: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity. Species diversity includes all branches of the evolutionary tree from single-celled prokaryotic organisms, bacteria, and archaea, to the eukaryotic kingdoms: plants; animals; fungi; and protists. To date, there have been about 1.75 million species identified, and new species are discovered every week.
27.4K
01:39Keystone Species
21.7K
Measures of species biodiversity, such as richness (i.e., the number of species present) and evenness (i.e., their relative abundance), describe an ecological community’s structure. Many factors affect community structure, including abiotic factors (e.g., sunlight and nutrients), disturbances (e.g., fire or flood), species interactions (e.g., predation or competition), and chance events (e.g., foreign species invasion). Certain species—such as keystone species—also play a...
21.7K
02:02Ecological Niches
23.7K
All organisms have a position within an ecosystem. The complete set of living and nonliving factors—including food resources, climate, and terrain—that define the position of a given organism are collectively referred to as the organism’s ecological niche.
23.7K
02:34Competition
21.7K
When organisms require the same limited resources within an environment, they may have to compete for them. Competition is a net-negative interaction. Even if two competing individuals or populations do not interact directly, the overall fitness of both competitors is lowered as a result of not having full access to the limited resource.
21.7K
01:17What is an Ecosystem?
39.7K
Overview
39.7K