在HRAS突变型偏瘤中调节上腺素生物合成
Minghao Li1,2, Susan Richter3, Hermine Mohr4
1Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse, Dresden, Germany.
Endocrine-related cancer
|October 30, 2023
概括
哈维大鼠肉瘤病毒性瘤基因同源 (HRAS) 突变的帕拉甘瘤 (PGLs) 独立于位置产生上腺素. 这通过基因激活蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 信号传递发生,该信号调节乙醇胺N-甲基转移酶 (PNMT) 表达的表达.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 帕拉根瘤 (PGLs) 呈现出不同的生化表型,受遗传学和位置的影响.
- 额外上腺PGL通常缺乏乙醇胺N-甲基转移酶 (PNMT),由于低水平的葡萄糖皮质类药物,抑制了上腺素的产生.
- 哈维大鼠肉瘤病毒瘤基因同类 (HRAS) 病原变体 (PVs) 在PGL中导致不论瘤部位的上腺素合成.
研究的目的:
- 阐明HRASPV驱动PNMT表达和PGL中的上腺素产生的信号通路.
- 了解在 paragangliomas 中HRAS 驱动的上腺素合成背后的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 对具有已知的遗传背景的PGL组织中catecholamines,cortisol和转录特征的分析.
- 产生和分析具有HRAS PVs的转基因大鼠叶染色体细胞,以研究PNmt调节.
- 在体外实验中评估了小基因激活蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 在Hras突变细胞中信号传递的作用.
主要成果:
- 与缺氧通路基因PVs的PGL相比,具有HRAS PVs的PGL显示了上腺素水平的升高和基因激活蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 信号的丰富.
- 在体外,HRAS PVs显著增加了PNmt表达和上腺素生物合成.
- 这种增加是由通过MAPK信号传递增强刺激蛋白1的酸化介导的.
结论:
- HRAS PVs通过一种依赖MAPK的途径诱导 paragangliomas 中的上腺素的产生.
- 这项研究为HRAS突变的PGL中观察到的上腺素合成提供了分子解释.
- 这些发现凸显了HRAS和MAPK信号在帕拉结瘤病变发生和catecholamine生产中的关键作用.
相关概念视频
The Ras Gene
6.2K
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
Ras is a...
6.2K
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
2.6K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.6K
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
5.6K
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of...
5.6K
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
6.5K
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
6.5K
Abnormal Proliferation
4.5K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.5K
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors
2.5K
Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
2.5K


