年龄对子测试和综合分数的影响 韦克斯勒智力缩短尺度-第二版第二版
Joseph J Ryan1, Samuel T Gontkovsky2, David S Kreiner1
1University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, USA.
Assessment
|October 30, 2023
概括
根据韦克斯勒智力缩写尺度第二版 (WASI-II) 测量的认知能力显示了与年龄相关的变化. 在整个生命周期中,口头理解技能比感知推理能力更稳定.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 认知衰老研究对于理解整个生命周期的智力变化至关重要.
- 之前对韦克斯勒智力尺度的研究表明,与年龄相关的表现差异.
- 韦克斯勒情报缩写尺度第二版 (WASI-II) 为此类调查提供了当前的衡量标准.
研究的目的:
- 在WASI-II标准化样本中评估年龄对认知表现的影响.
- 通过使用最新的情报评估工具,扩展现有关于与年龄相关的智力变化的知识.
- 在不同年龄组中确定特定的子测试和指数表现轨迹.
主要方法:
- 对WASI-II标准化样本数据的分析.
- 对四个子测试的年龄相关绩效模式的检查:词汇 (VC),相似性 (SI),块设计 (BD) 和矩阵推理 (MR).
- 评估年龄对口头理解指数 (VCI) 和感知推理指数 (PRI) 以及全尺度智商 (FSIQ) 的影响.
主要成果:
- 与区块设计 (BD) 和矩阵推理 (MR) 相比,词汇 (VC) 和相似性 (SI) 的子测试显示出更强的抗衰老能力.
- 感知推理指数 (PRI) 从65-69岁显著下降,而口头理解指数 (VCI) 在老年人群 (85-90岁) 中下降更为显著.
- 全尺度智商 (FSIQ) 在65岁之前保持在平均水平,随后逐渐下降,符合结晶和流体智能理论.
结论:
- 由WASI-II评估的认知能力表现出与年龄相关的独特轨迹.
- 语言理解能力似乎比流动推理能力更适应衰老.
- 研究结果支持理论模型在认知衰老的背景下区分结晶和流体智能.
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