补充和癌症的阴阳
Seppo Meri1, Elena Magrini2, Alberto Mantovani2,3,4
1Department of Bacteriology and Immunology and Translational Immunology Research Program, University and University Hospital of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Cancer immunology research
|October 30, 2023
概括
与癌症相关的炎症涉及补体激活,这既可以对抗和促进瘤. 了解补充的这种双重作用对于开发新的癌症疗法和生物标志物至关重要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 与癌症相关的炎症是瘤微环境 (TME) 的组成部分.
- 在TME内的补充激活可以影响癌症的进展和免疫反应.
- 传统上被视为抗癌,补充剂的作用现在被认为是潜在的双重作用.
研究的目的:
- 要总结补充激活在癌症中的双重作用.
- 阐明补充体前瘤和抗瘤功能背后的机制.
- 突出补充作为潜在的治疗目标和癌症中的生物标志物.
主要方法:
- 临床前研究和人类瘤发生数据的综述.
- 补充系统组件分子机制的分析.补充系统组件.
- 检查补充剂对瘤微环境和癌细胞的影响.
主要成果:
- 补充激活表现出抗瘤和前瘤功能.
- 前瘤的作用包括在TME中维持炎症和免疫抑制.
- 观察到抗瘤作用在免疫抵抗和增强免疫疗法疗效方面.
- 补充成分显示出作为癌症分层和预后的生物标志物的潜力.
结论:
- 补充系统操纵为癌症治疗提供了一个新的策略.
- 了解补充的复杂作用对于有效的癌症治疗开发至关重要.
- 补充成分可以作为有价值的生物标志物,用于患者分层和预测治疗结果.
相关概念视频
01:27Complement System
2.4K
The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
2.4K
01:25Selectins
3.3K
Cell adhesion is an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain,...
3.3K
02:17The Tumor Microenvironment
6.6K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.6K
00:49Complementation Tests
4.9K
A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
4.9K
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
538
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
538
02:53Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
5.8K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.8K