与雄性木虎中的基因重复相关的颜色多态性
Melanie N Brien1, Anna Orteu2, Eugenie C Yen2
1Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
eLife
|October 30, 2023
概括
森林虎中的多态警告信号是由基因重复解释的. 这种遗传变异,特别是白色形态的"valkea"基因重复,驱动了非血性色彩的进化.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 被猎物用来警告捕食者的异体色彩,通常会演变为单一的图案.
- 警告信号中的多态性构成了一个难题,如木虎 (Arctia plantaginis) 中所见.
- 雄性木虎表现出不同的颜色形态 (白色和黄色),具有不同的特征.
研究的目的:
- 调查Arctia plantaginis的色彩多态性的遗传基础.
- 了解看似矛盾的警告信号多样性背后的进化机制.
- 描述有助于蝶颜色的颜料和遗传因素.
主要方法:
- 基因分析用于识别与颜色变异相关的基因.
- 基因表达分析 ("valkea"的上调).
- 为了研究基因功能,CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑.
- 颜料分析 (叶绿素和叶绿素).
主要成果:
- 男的颜色与"黄色"家族的基因重复有关,称为"valkea",仅在白色形态中发现.
- "valkea"在翅膀发育过程中得到高度表达.
- "valkea"的CRISPR编辑导致了黄色的翅膀,影响了"valkea"和"yellow-e".
- 黄色的颜色部分归因于叶黄素;黑色是eumelanin.
结论:
- 基因重复和结构变异是复杂多态的适应性进化的关键驱动力.
- 这种"valkea"重复提供了一种保持色彩多样性在异质信号中的遗传机制.
- 这项研究阐明了木虎的警告信号进化背后的基因架构.
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