颠倒的脸是否被认为是"不那么人性化"?
Adam Eggleston1, Richard Cook2, Harriet Over2
1School of Education, Language and Psychology, York St John University.
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
|October 30, 2023
概括
脸部倒置并没有特别减少对独特的人类特征的看法. 相反,它广泛影响了面部编码,将特征归属转移到平均水平,挑战感知非人化理论 (PDT).
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 感知 感知 感知 感知
背景情况:
- 感知非人化理论 (PDT) 认为,面部配置处理对于感知"人性"至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,面部反转,破坏了配置处理,减少了对独特的人类品质的归因.
- 由Hugenberg等人进行的一项开创性研究. (2016) 发现反转的脸被视为不那么有创造力,深思熟虑和同情心.
研究的目的:
- 重新评估脸部反转对赋予独特的人类特征的影响.
- 调查脸部反转的效应是特定于独特的人类特征还是一般编码现象.
- 为了测试面体以外的反转效应的概括性.
主要方法:
- 进行了四个高功率,预先注册的实验.
- 操纵面部方向 (直立与倒立) 和刺激价值 (正与负).
- 通过面部和非面部刺激来评估独特的人类特征和一般"人性"的归因.
主要成果:
- 脸部反转没有特别影响独特的人类特征属性.
- 倒置在很大程度上阻碍了面部编码,导致特征归属向平均值回归.
- 值化的面孔在反转时显示了反向的特征归属 (积极的面孔被认为不那么有利,负面的面孔更有利).
- 对"人性"判断的逆转效应与其他以正典为导向的刺激进行了复制.
结论:
- 这些发现挑战了感知非人化理论 (PDT) 的关键证据线.
- 脸部反转对特征归属的影响似乎是一种一般的编码效应,不特定于独特的人类品质.
- 结果表明,一个更广泛的现象与刺激的方向和感知有关.
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