个性化多层次干预以改善老年人结肠直肠癌查的适当使用:一个集群随机临床试验
Sameer D Saini1,2,3, Carmen L Lewis4, Eve A Kerr1,2,3
1Center for Clinical Management Research, LTC Charles S. Kettles VA Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
JAMA internal medicine
|October 30, 2023
概括
个性化干预改善了结直肠癌查订单,与老年人的好处保持一致,但降低了整体查利用率. 这凸显了调整查决策以适应个体患者个人资料的重要性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 预防医学 预防医学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 临床医生经常不系统地使用患者病史来指导老年人结直肠癌 (CRC) 查决策,尽管有指导方针.
- 需要采取干预措施,根据个人的风险益处概况,为老年人个性化CRC查建议.
研究的目的:
- 评估个性化,多层次干预对符合平均风险查资格的老年人CRC查订单的影响.
- 评估选订单与个人福利以及随后的选利用的一致性.
主要方法:
- 一个集群随机临床试验,涉及431名70至75岁的平均风险的美国退伍军人,在两家退伍军人事务部设施.
- 干预组获得了一个个性化的决策辅助小册子,而对照组则获得了一个标准的信息小册子.
- 主要结局:在初级保健访问后的2周内,进行查. 二级结局:与效益一致性和6个月使用情况.
主要成果:
- 干预组 (62.8%) 和对照组 (65.9%) 之间的整体查订单没有显著差异.
- 个性化干预增加了最高效益四分位数的查订单 (67.6%对52.2%) 并减少了最低效益四分位数的查订单 (59.4%对71.1%).
- 干预组的6个月查利用率 (41.4%) 与对照组 (55.9%) 相比较低.
结论:
- 在老年人中,个性化的多层次干预可以改善结直肠癌查订单与个人益处的协调.
- 虽然改善了决策一致性,但干预导致了整体查利用率的下降,这表明需要仔细实施.
- 个性化查方法需要进一步调查,以平衡适当的使用与个性化的风险效益评估.
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