在间歇性缺氧中进行阻力和耐力训练会降低身体脂肪量和血压
Aritz Urdampilleta1,2, Juan Mielgo-Ayuso3, Claudia Vielba-Trillo4
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Blanquerna - Ramon-Llull University, Barcelona, Spain.
The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness
|October 30, 2023
概括
间歇性缺氧 (IH) 阻力训练通过降低血压和休息心率来降低身体脂肪并改善心血管健康,同时保持肌肉质量. 这种适应是运动员在高空训练的关键.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 缺氧,或低氧,在高海拔运动中很常见,可以通过减少肌肉质量和增加心率来负面影响运动表现.
- 了解对缺氧的适应对于优化运动员在高度竞争的训练策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究间歇性缺氧 (IH) 3周耐力训练计划对身体组成和心血管变量的影响.
- 为了比较这些效应与对照组在海平面上接受normoxia (N) 训练.
主要方法:
- 一项为期3周的单盲研究,涉及32名参与者,分为常态氧 (N) 和间歇性缺氧 (IH) 抵抗训练组.
- 在控制饮食条件下,IH组在低氧室中训练,模拟高度为5100-5800米的15次会议.
- 使用ISAK人体测量来评估身体组成,并监测包括血压和心率在内的心血管参数.
主要成果:
- 与正常氧气组相比,间歇性缺氧组体脂肪百分比显著降低 (P<0.001).
- 在干预后的IH组中,观察到缩和放缩血压的显著下降.
- 在IH组中,静止心率显著降低,而在两组中,部分氧和率保持不变.
结论:
- 间歇性缺氧的抵抗训练有效地减少身体脂肪,同时保持肌肉质量,有助于有利的身体组成变化.
- 在IH的训练方案导致了心血管健康的显著改善,通过降低血压和静止心率来证明这一点.
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